A 40-year-old man with known hypertrophic cardiomyopathy presented with syncope after coughing. Physical examination revealed a systolic murmur that was accentuated by the Valsalva maneuver. An electrocardiogram suggested biventricular hypertrophy and biatrial enlargement (Fig. 1). Echocardiograms revealed asymmetric septal hypertrophy with a diastolic septal thickness of 2.3 cm, and evidence o...

A 24-year-old man was referred to our department for routine follow-up due to a small perimembranous ventricular septal defect (VSD), which had been monitored since his childhood. The patient’s vital signs were stable. Auscultation revealed a systolic murmur. Echocardiography showed a highly mobile aneurysmal mass in the left ventricular outflow tract without stenosis or significant aortic insu...

BACKGROUND To study the development of dynamic subaortic obstruction in young patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), serial echocardiograms were retrospectively analyzed in a group of 26 consecutive children with this disease who showed no evidence of dynamic outflow obstruction at their initial evaluation (age, 11 +/- 3 years). METHODS AND RESULTS After a follow-up of 3-12 years (m...

OBJECTIVE To determine the frequency of various types of ventricular septal defects (VSD) and associated complications in local paediatric population. METHODS A cross sectional descriptive study was conducted on children undergoing echocardiography in a single centre from January 2006 to December 2009 at Paediatric Cardiology Department, Ch. Pervaiz Elahi Institute of Cardiology Multan- Terti...

Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is one of the most common congenital heart malformations comprising a ventricular septal defect, right ventricular outflow tract obstruction, right ventricular hypertrophy, and overriding aorta. A rare variant includes pulmonary atresia and major aortopulmonary collateral arteries. Altered hemodynamics within the functional single-ventricle results in turbulent flow an...

Defect in the ventricular septum with obstruction to right ventricular outflow tract encompass a wide anatomic, physiological and clinical spectrum. Large ventricular septal defects occur with pulmonary stenosis that varies from mild to severe to complete (pulmonary atresia). Very large VSD (size 6.4 cm, in our case) with severe PS is a rare CHD and without surgical correction only 10% patient ...

A transient form of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy has been previously described in infants of diabetic mothers (IDMs). The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence, natural history and pathologic features of this cardiomyopathy in symptomatic and asymptomatic IDMs. We studied 47 IDMs for evidence of cardiomyopathy. Among 24 symptomatic IDMs, five had marked septal hypertrophy with ech...

OBJECTIVES Biventricular obstruction in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is uncommon, and some clinicians believe that, when symptoms are refractory to medical treatment, this severe form of HCM is best treated by transplantation. We describe our conventional surgical approach and outcomes to treat biventricular obstruction in HCM. METHODS From 1993 to 2013, we treated 11 symptomatic patient...