Environmental barrier coating (EBC) systems are applied to the surface of silicon-based composites exposed high temperature combustion gas flow paths in turbine engines. They reduce rate composite oxidation, its volatilization by reactions with water vapor, and as their thermal conductivity decreases. Current EBC consist a silicon bond coat covered an ytterbium disilicate (Yb2O3?2SiO2: YbDS) pe...

Furfural is an important platform chemical with a wide range of applications. However, due to the low concentration of furfural in the hydrolysate, the conventional methods for furfural recovery are energy-intensive and environmentally unfriendly. Considering the disadvantages of pervaporation (PV) and distillation in furfural separation, a novel energy-efficient 'green technique', gas strippin...

Vertically-aligned multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were grown on stainless steel (SS) mesh by thermal chemical vapor deposition with a diffusion barrier of Al2O3 film. These three-dimensional porous structures (SS-CNT meshes) were found to be superhydrophobic and superoleophilic. Water advancing contact angles of 145–150 were determined for these SS-CNT meshes in air and oil (gasoline, iso...

Transport properties of natural (noncompressed) cork were evaluated for water and ethanol in both vapor and liquid phases. The permeability for these permeants has been measured, as well as the sorption and diffusion coefficients. This paper focuses on the differences between the transport of gases' relevant vapors and their liquids (water and ethanol) through cork. A transport mechanism of vap...

many properties of chemicals depend on their stereochemistry. among these, the effects of stereoisomerism on percutaneous absorption of drugs are not well studied. we have previously shown that permeation of tretinoin and isotretinoin (two geometric isomers) through hydrophilic enhancers-treated rat skin is stereoselective. as, depending on their lipophilicity, penetration enhancers can change ...

A novel concept for the use of an immiscible and non-meltable polymer, such as sodium polystyrene sulfonate (PSSNa), in order to prepare polyethylene non-woven breathable membranes is described. Membranes were fabricated by melt compounding of properly functionalized PE (P(E-co-AA)) and PSSNa (P(SSNa-co-GMA)) copolymers in the presence of water soluble polyethylene glycol (PEG). The inability o...

BACKGROUND Butanol as an important chemical and potential fuel could be produced via ABE fermentation from lignocellulosic biomass. The use of food-related feedstocks such as maize and sugar cane may not be a sustainable solution to world's energy needs. Recently, Jerusalem artichoke tubers containing inulin have been used as feedstock for butanol production, but this bioprocess is not commerci...

Direct contact membrane distillation process has been studied using microporous polytetrafluoroethylene and polyvinylidene fluoride membranes. The membranes were characterized in terms of their non-wettability, pore size distribution and porosity. The mean pore sizes and pore size distributions were obtained by means of wet/ dry flow method. The mean pore size and the e¤ective porosity of the m...

In the present paper, a series of totally novel bio-nanocomposite films from cellulose laurate (CL) and starch nanocrystals acetate (SNA) were fabricated, and the properties of nanocomposite films were investigated in detail. SNA was obtained by modifying starch nanocrystals (SNs) produced by sulfuric acid hydrolysis of corn starch with acetic anhydride. The favorable dispersity of SNA in chlor...

in this work we sought to determine whether vesicles (liposomes/niosomes) were able to enhance finasteride concentration in the dermis layer, including the pilosebaceous units (psu). such enhancement could be beneficial in the treatment of some androgen-related skin disorders. hamster flank skin was used to study  3hfinasteride permeation via vesicles and a hydroalcoholic solution (ha). the dru...