The quality of group judgment is examined in situations in which groups have to express an opinion in quantitative form. To provide a yardstick for evaluating the quality of group performance (which is itself defined as the absolute value of the discrepancy between the judgment and the true value), four baseline models are considered. These models provide a standard for evaluating how well grou...

Many forms of judgments, such as those used in economic games or measures of social comparison, require understanding relative value, as well as the more complex ability to make comparisons between relative values. To examine whether young children can accurately compare relative values, we presented children 4 to 7 years with simple judgments of relative value in two scenarios. Children then w...

case law and doctrine are, no¬ doubt, of immune importance and impact in developing law in every country, especially where they complete each other. yet, in iran they are often not used as a complement to each other particularly in the field of copyright. this paper seeks to connect these two. to this end, it will review judgments given by the ahwaz ordinary public court and the appeal court of...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the agreement among clinical experts in their judgments of monitoring data with respect to artifacts, and to examine the effect of reference standards that consist of individual and joint expert judgments on the performance of artifact filters. DESIGN Individual judgments of four physicians, a majority vote judgment, and a consensus judgment were obtained for 30 time ...

The complexity of multi-criteria decision problems requires the involvement a group experts, who can contribute their knowledge, experience and opinions to decision-making process. aim this study is present new analytic hierarchy process (AHP) framework, called GSD-IJ. main idea emphasize satisfaction with final decision, which measured by index. GSD-IJ based on geometric mean standard deviatio...

Presupposition, vagueness, and oddness can lead some sentences to fail to have a clear truth value. The homogeneity property of plural predication with definite descriptions may also create truth-value gaps: The books are written in Dutch is true if all relevant books are in Dutch, false if none of them is, and neither true nor false if, say, half of the books are written in Dutch. We study the...

We propose a view of vagueness as a semantic property of names and predicates. All entities are crisp, on this semantic view, but there are, for each vague name, multiple portions of reality that are equally good candidates for being its referent, and, for each vague predicate, multiple classes of objects that are equally good candidates for being its extension. We provide a new formulation of ...

A large body of intuitive and analytical models has evolved over the last several decades to assist decision makers (DMs) in enterprise architecture (EA) framework selection. While these models have made great strides in EA framework evaluation, the intuitive models lack a structured framework and the analytical models do not capture intuitive preferences of multiple DMs. Furthermore, crisp dat...

We consider resource allocation problems in which agents are assigned to tasks with the aim of (i) minimizing the assignment cost and (ii) maximizing the overall value resulting from the completion of tasks. Often, such assignment problems are challenging, because it may not be known to what extent the agents can complete tasks or what the value of either full or partial task completion is. Fur...