OBJECTIVE The objective was to determine the reliability of a portable forearm strength hydraulic dynamometer with a doorknob handle and assess its validity compared with a Cybex 6000 (Cybex International, Inc., Medway, MA) isometric torque assessment. METHOD Eighteen volunteers (with a total of 30 forearms) participated in this one-session methodological study to determine the intra- and int...

BACKGROUND The Child Perceptions Questionnaire for children aged 11 to 14 years (CPQ11-14) is a 37-item measure of oral-health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) encompassing four domains: oral symptoms, functional limitations, emotional and social well-being. To facilitate its use in clinical settings and population-based health surveys, it was shortened to 16 and 8 items. Item impact and stepwi...

While discrete choice experiments (DCEs) are increasingly used in the field of environmental valuation, they remain controversial because of their hypothetical nature and the contested reliability and validity of their results. We systematically reviewed evidence on the validity and reliability of environmental DCEs from the past thirteen years (Jan 2003-February 2016). 107 articles met our inc...

This research has been designed and conducted to evaluate the validity and reliability of organizational citizenship behavior questionnaire as an instrument in sports environment to assess the status of organizational citizenship behavior dimensions among the athletes of clubs. A 20-question questionnaire has been designed to measure the dimensions of organizational citizenship behavior by st...

Objectives: Parenting is a difficult task. Factors like social support, sense of coherence, self-esteem, hardiness, optimism, internal locus of control, and religious coping play a vital role in this area. This study aimed to develop a religious coping measure for parents of differently-abled children. It also aimed to explore the factor structure and reliability of a religious coping scale. M...

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BACKGROUND The aim of present study was to develop and validate an appropriate socioeconomic status (SES) assessment questionnaire to be used through health studies in Iranian urban households. METHODS The study was conducted through a mixed method study design in Tabriz, northwest of Iran in 2014. It was conducted in several stages including: development of initial version, qualitative study...

Social research is plagued by many biases. Most of them are due to situation specificity of social behavior and can be explained using a theory of situation specificity. The historical background of situation specificity in personality social psychology research is briefly sketched, then a theory of situation specificity is presented in detail, with as centerpiece the relationship between the b...

Children with bronchiolitis from Hospitals Universiti Sains Malaysia (HUSM) and Hospital Kota Bharu (HKB) were student using the Kristjansson Respiratory Score and the Wang Respiratory Score respectively. Saturation of oxygen (S(a)O(2)) was measured with a pulse-oximeter while the child is breathing room-air. Two observers assessed the respiratory scores in all children independently. The corre...

INTRODUCTION Tinnitus is a common otologic symptom that can seriously affect a patient's quality of life. The purpose of the present study was to translate and validate the Iowa Tinnitus Handicap Questionnaire (THQ) into the Persian language, and to make it applicable as a tool for determining the effects of tinnitus on a patient's life. MATERIALS AND METHODS The main version of the THQ was t...