originated with Gaviola 1 who termed his lifetime instrument a “fluorometer". Clearly the starting point for any fluorescence observation is the light source. Fortunately, we no longer need to rely on sunlight as the principle excitation source for fluorescence. A comprehensive discussion of the development of light sources is beyond the scope of this chapter, but a good index of a wide range o...

Businesses changing their practices in ways that support tobacco control efforts recently have gained interest, as demonstrated by CVS Health's voluntary policy to end tobacco sales. Point-of-sale (POS) advertisements are associated with youth smoking initiation, increased tobacco consumption, and reduced quit attempts among smokers. There is interest in encouraging retailers to limit tobacco P...

Development of low-cost disposable plasmonic substrates is vital for the applicability of plasmonic sensing. Such devices can be made using injection-molded templates to create plasmonic films. The elements of these plasmonic films are hybrid nanostructures composed of inverse and solid structures. Tuning the modal coupling between the two allows optimization of the optical properties for nanop...

While the poor and the uninsured are at increased risk for tobacco use, up to two thirds of these patients express interest in near-term quitting. Nonetheless, tobacco counseling rates remain low in clinics serving these patients. As part of a larger tobacco intervention project in North Carolina free clinics, we gathered baseline data on patient characteristics in six randomly selected facilit...

BACKGROUND Tobacco use during pregnancy is associated with adverse child outcomes. There is evidence that religiosity/spirituality is associated with less tobacco use. This study aims to investigate the association further, including an assessment of overall religiousness and specific aspects of religiosity/spirituality. METHODS 404 pregnant women receiving prenatal care in three southern obs...

Article history: Received 2 February 2014 Received in revised form 8 April 2014 Accepted 28 April 2014 Available online 25 May 2014

The chemical policies of the 1970s were limited by the assumptions that lie at their foundation and focused narrowly on only the most hazardous chemicals. The effective management of chemicals requires policies that focus on the entire body of chemicals and the production systems that make them. The future will require comprehensive chemicals policies that work within a systems framework to pha...

A novel methodology for the reversible competitive condensation of peptide loops to chemoreactive topological templates is presented.