BACKGROUND Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has become a major public health issue worldwide in the past few years. Pruritus is a common, well-recognized complication often seen in patients with chronic renal failure. For assessment of pruritus, different tools are used but these tools are unable to identify the changes and variations in the severity of pruritus. The aim of our study was to validat...

Multiple cross language WordNets such as Euro WordNet (EWN), Multi WordNet, Asian WordNet and Indo WordNet, have been developed that involve mapping Princeton WordNet (PWN) with the respective language WordNet [1,2,3,4,5]. Majority of these projects have employed the transfer-and-merge method developed during the construction of Euro WordNet for WordNet linkage. This paper discusses the process...

We investigate phrase-based statistical machine translation between English and Urdu, two Indo-European languages that differ significantly in their word-order preferences. Reordering of words and phrases is thus a necessary part of the translation process. While local reordering is modeled nicely by phrase-based systems, long-distance reordering is known to be a hard problem. We perform experi...

Title of Document: MOVEMENT AND INTERVENTION EFFECTS: EVIDENCE FROM HINDI/URDU. Shiti Malhotra, Doctor of Philosophy, 2011 Directed By: Professor Norbert Hornstein Professor Howard Lasnik Department of Linguistics The purpose of this dissertation is to explore the nature of intervention effects seen in various constructions like Wh-scope marking, raising and passivization. In particular, this d...

Peripheries in Kashmiri and Hindi-Urdu

Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) is a key component in Human Computer Interaction (HCI) applications. Stability of ASR systems largely depends on accent, gender, age of speakers, background noise and channel variations. In this paper, a study has been conducted to classify five different accents of Urdu language spoken in Pakistan i.e. Punjabi, Urdu, Pashto, Saraiki and Sindhi. Speech data ha...

A central task of natural language processing is to find a way of answering the question Who did what to whom, how, when and where? with automatic means. This requires insights on how a language realizes events and the participants that partake in them and how this information can be encoded in a humanas well as machine-readable way. In this thesis, I investigate the ways that the spatial notio...

Urdu is morphologically rich language with different nature of its characters. Urdu text tokenization and sentence boundary disambiguation is difficult as compared to the language like English. Major hurdle for tokenization is improper use of space between words, where as absence of case discrimination makes the sentence boundary detection a difficult task. In this paper some issues regarding b...