Reuse of treated effluent is a highly valued water source in Palestine, however with limited success due to public health concerns. This paper assesses the potential pathogens in raw, treated and reclaimed wastewater at Albireh urban wastewater treatment facility, and provides scientific knowledge to update the Palestinian reuse guidelines. Laboratory analyses of collected samples over a period...

The effects of irrigation with treated urban wastewater (WW) on the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) diversity and soil microbial activities were assayed on a long-term basis in a semiarid orange-tree orchard. After 43 years, the soil irrigated with fresh water (FW) had higher AMF diversity than soils irrigated with WW. Microbial activities were significantly higher in the soils irrigated wit...

To better characterize Cryptosporidium in the Potomac River watershed, a PCR-based genotyping tool was used to analyze 64 base flow and 28 storm flow samples from five sites in the watershed. These sites included two water treatment plant intakes, as well as three upstream sites, each associated with a different type of land use. The uses, including urban wastewater, agricultural (cattle) waste...

Studies were undertaken to assess the impact of wastewater/sludge disposal (metals and pesticides) from sewage treatment plants (STPs) in Jajmau, Kanpur (5 MLD) and Dinapur, Varanasi (80 MLD), on health, agriculture and environmental quality in the receiving/application areas around Kanpur and Varanasi in Uttar Pradesh, India. The raw, treated and mixed treated urban wastewater samples were col...

This paper describes a software tool called Hydro Planner, being developed as part of CSIRO’s Water for a Healthy Country National Research Flagship Program. The main purpose of Hydro Planner is to enable urban water planners and managers to adopt a systems approach to obtain an improved understanding of how water, wastewater and stormwater systems interact with each other and with natural wate...

Abstract Considering the increasing demand for urban water and low water-use efficiency in agricultural sector, an exchange of treated wastewater could be a fundamental solution administering sustainable management resources. However, implementing intersectoral project is influenced by economic, social, environmental conditions each region, especially developing countries. Therefore, this study...

The reclaimed utilization of urban wastewater is an indispensable way for solving the crisis of urban water resource. In order to meet the needs of reclaimed water pollution control,the risk assessment model for reclaimed water utilization in basin are established. GIS was employed to derive all the data and evaluate model in order to get spatial variance and distribution of the risk levels on ...

Mathematical optimisation is used to integrate and economically evaluate wastewater reuse, desalination and other water management options for water supply in Ensenada, Baja California Mexico with future levels of population and water demand. The optimisation model (CALVIN) is used to explore and integrate water management alternatives such as water markets, reuse and seawater desalination, wit...

Introduction Hanoi is currently undergoing a process of intensive industrialization and modernization. The population in the smaller Hanoi urban zone has risen dramatically from 300,000 in 1954 to its current population of more than 1.7 million which is 60% of the total population in the area of greater Hanoi. It is predicted that this will rise to 2.5 million amongst 4.5 million of total popul...

Great differences in capability to detect bacteriophages from urban sewage of the area of Barcelona existed among 115 strains of Bacteroides fragilis. The capability of six of the strains to detect phages in a variety of feces and wastewater was studied. Strains HSP40 and RYC4023 detected similar numbers of phages in urban sewage and did not detect phages in animal feces. The other four strains...