The multi-look polarimetric SAR covariance matrix is generally modeled by a complex Wishart distribution. For textured areas, the product model is used and the texture component is modeled by a Gamma distribution. In many cases, the assumption of Gamma distributed texture is not appropriate. The Fisher distribution does not have this limitation and can represent a large set of texture distribut...

The focus is the analysis of urban Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) with image processing techniques. A brief review of existing methods to derive sky view factors, building energy consumption and space syntax shows how well established parameters that relate to airflow and dispersion (such as the height-to-width of urban canyons and the aerodynamic roughness length) can be calculated. Other mea...

Historical city textures are living history that embody public spaces of former civilizations, their landscapes, and traditional life culture, carrying them to the present giving life. Squares as have been important gathering hubs for social Urban furniture is an element spaces, it reflects identity improves quality Additionally, reflection culture in historical usability. The walled center Nic...

Employing components of Murray Schafer’s soundscape typology from his inimitable 1977 work, The Soundscape: Our Sonic Environment and the Tuning of the World, my exploratory study qualitatively and comparatively explores the sonic landscape and noise pollution ‘texture’ of Bangkok, Thailand and Los Angeles, California. By employing Schafer’s soundscape concepts to explain how people subjectivel...

—This paper reports on the results of an experiment designed to study fine grain physiological responses of participants to an immersive virtual simulation of an urban environment. An experiment was carried out with 40 participants who were asked to walk through a virtual street, which had virtual characters walking through it. The analysis of differences in participant responses at various sta...

Populated urban environments are very important in many applications such as urban planning and entertainment. However rendering in real time many people in a complex environment is still challenging. In this paper, we propose methods for rendering real time animated crowds in virtual cities. We take advantage of the properties of an urban environment, and the way a viewer and the avatars move ...

Virtual reality applications in the context of urban planning presume the acquisition of 3D urban models. Photo realism can only be achieved, if the geometry of buildings is represented by a detailed and accurate CAD model and if additionally arti cial texture or real world imagery is mapped to the faces and roofs of the buildings. In the approach presented in this paper, height data provided b...