Urbanization affects communities of herbivorous arthropods and provides opportunities for dramatic changes in their abundance and richness. Underlying these changes are creation of impervious surfaces; variation in the density, diversity, and complexity of vegetation; and maintenance practices including pulsed inputs of fertilizers, water, and pesticides. A rich body of knowledge provides theor...

In this study, observational studies were conducted on the population of plantain squirrels on the Kent Ridge campus of the National University of Singapore. Focal animal sampling was used, and activities of squirrels recorded down when they were located. Squirrels were observed to inhabit a range of vegetation types found on the campus, and majority of plant material consumed by the squirrels ...

Chinese urban agglomeration (UA) has gradually become a new world economic center and the strategic region of the “The Belt and Road Initiatives”. The spatial patterns and variations of ecology–production–living land (EPL) profoundly affect UA’s development and its ecological environment. Unfortunately, scientific understanding about the trajectories, patterns and drivers of EPL changes in Chin...

many landscapes (Naiman and Decamps 1997; Ewel et al. 2001; McClain et al. 2003). Because they occur at the land–water junction alongside natural waterways, they form unique ecosystems that act as “buffer zones” between uplands and streams (Hill 1996; Lowrance 1998). Research on riparian ecology has been diverse, and includes analysis of the habitat requirements of rare plant and animal species...

alkaline waste spoils [4]). Some argue that the increase in hard surfaces in cities represents a replication of many of the key features of natural habitat templates [7] found in unproductive rocky areas [5,8,9]. Urban habitats probably provide a continuum of selective novelty, from remnant natural habitats or anthropogenic analogs of other habitats to wholly novel environments. Such research c...

Urban and peri-urban forests determine different habitat services for biodiversity according to their characteristics. In this study, we relate ecological characteristics of urban and peri-urban forests to forest bird species richness and we assess whether their effect changed over time due to the urban sprawl within the urban region of Milan, Italy. We analyse two periods (1998–2002 and 2010–2...

Understanding of the functioning of urban ecosystems cannot be achieved without the data collection and modeling developed by scientists working for federal, state, and local agencies, often in cooperation with university researchers. The project engages a broad range of partners. Local government agencies include the City of Phoenix (COP), Maricopa Association of Governments (MAG) and Arizona ...