drug for the prevention of bronchial asthma and allergic rhinitis attacks. DSCG inhibits the release of chemical mediators, including histamine and tumor necrosis factor, from mast cells. While DSCG is known to induce intracellular signaling events associated with physiological and pathological processes, the molecular mechanisms of DSCGinduced signaling have remained unclear. Recent evidence, ...

Cryptosporial and bacterial co-infection is reported in a budgerigar with clinical manifestations of septicemia and respiratory tract infection. Microscopically large number of round to oval 2-5μm cryptosporidial organisms were found to be lodged on the parabronchial epithelial cells of the respiratory tract. The bacterial colonies were seen around the parabronchial spaces of the lung tissue. I...

OBJECTIVE To determine whether treatment with clarithromycin for respiratory tract infections was associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular (CV) events, arrhythmias or all-cause mortality compared with other antibiotics. DESIGN Retrospective cohort design comparing clarithromycin monotherapy for lower (LRTI) or upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) with other antibiotic monothera...

Respiratory viruses can cause a wide spectrum of pulmonary diseases, ranging from mild, upper respiratory tract infections to severe and life-threatening lower respiratory tract infections, including the development of acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Viral clearance and subsequent recovery from infection require activation of an effective host immune resp...

BACKGROUND Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most important viral respiratory pathogen of infancy and childhood. Much has been written about inpatients with severe disease. Inpatients, however, represent only a minority of RSV-infected children. We studied the characteristics of symptomatic outpatient RSV infection in healthy children to gain a better understanding of RSV disease and to ...

Bacterial infection of the lower respiratory tract can impact on the etiology, pathogenesis, and the clinical course of COPD in several ways. Several recent cohort studies suggest that lung growth is impaired by childhood lower respiratory tract infection, making these individuals more vulnerable to developing COPD on exposure to additional injurious agents. Impairment of mucociliary clearance ...

Introduction: Persistent postinfectious cough (PPC) is a cough that persists longer than 3 weeks or perhaps for many months after a common cold or an upper respiratory tract infection (URTI). PPC has poor response to routine treatment modalities, so it can be a vexing problem for the patient and the physician alike. Our hypothesis was that honey and/or coffee have some beneficial effects in th...

that may be isolated from the mucous membranes lining these structures. Although the lower respiratory tract is in direct continuity with the secretions draining the upper respiratory tract, it is, by contrast, normally sterile.2` This remarkable difference is brought about by a series of coordinated mechanisms of the mammalian host which act to protect the tracheobronchial tree and pulmonary p...

The aim of this study was to determine whether interleukin (IL)-8 is released within the upper respiratory tract of infants during respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) bronchiolitis and whether the large number of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) present in the respiratory tract of these infants are contributing to the inflammation through release of inflammatory mediators. Twenty-seven infant...