A historical cohort study was conducted to study the possible risk of cancer associated with exposure to asphalt. Altogether 1320 unskilled workers employed in the asphalt industry were followed up over a ten year period and compared with 43,024 unskilled men in terms of cause specific mortality. Both groups were identified from census records and followed up by an automatic record link that ha...

This paper develops a two-country new trade theory framework with two types of labor (skilled and unskilled) and an imperfect labor market arising from country-specific real minimum wages. It examines welfare implications of trade liberalization and spillover effects of labor market shocks in a global economy. The model identifies two key forces that shape the results: i) external scale effects...

The advent of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has led to a severe liquidity crunch among private firms. Yet, formal analysis impact or access finance on performance firms during is limited. present paper estimates in period before likelihood decline sales firm pandemic. results show strong connection between two. That is, with better are significantly less likely experience sales, and...

When skilled workers migrate, they face the brain waste risk, i.e., they can end up employed as unskilled. We analyze the effects of brain waste on brain drain, resulting from low international transferability of skills. We show that this type of brain waste: (1) reduces education incentives; (2) weakens the chances for a positive self-selection; and (3) decreases the possibility of a brain gai...

This paper examines the effect of trade openness on the productivity of skilled and unskilled labor in a group of 36 developing countries using panel data and fixed effect approach. We have developed and utilized an empirical model that readily lends itself to testing the hypothesis posed. Our results support the hypothesis that trade openness has a positive and significant impact on labor prod...

Abstract Automation creates winners and losers. By examining establishment-level panel data, we explore how labour unions affect labor adjustment associated with automation. Although automation can increase new hires of junior unskilled production workers, the presence neutralizes these effects. The results suggest that have incentives to protect incumbent workers negatively affected by

This paper examines an economic union where oligopolistic firms produce by skilled and unskilled labor and do R&D by skilled labor. The planner of the union accepts new members to the union, deregulates the product market through anti-trust policy and regulates the labor market through a minimum wage for unskilled labor. Firms and workers lobby the planner for prospective policy. It is shown th...

ington retirement study. Unpublished papers, available from Dr R.C. Taylor). Between 1964 and 1966 Dr John Martin conducted a comprehensive investigation of retirement among workers at the Pilkington Glass Factory in St Helens. He grouped sample members (n = 684) according to skill level and the length of time expected to elapse before retirement, and in the case of those who had already retire...

STUDY OBJECTIVE To study differences in total life expectancy and in occupationally active life expectancy in relation to social class and marital status in men classified as healthy as young adults. DESIGN Historical cohort study. SETTING Finland. PARTICIPANTS Altogether 1662 men classified as completely healthy at the time of induction to military service (mean birth year 1923), who had...