Fusion of the neural arches was studied in 6 serially sectioned human foetuses aged 9 and 10 weeks. In foetuses of 9 weeks, the completion of arches was observed in the cervical, upper thoracic, and middle thoracic regions of the vertebral column. During the 10th week of development, fusion of neural processes progresses in the lower thoracic and upper three lumbar vertebrae.

OBJECTIVES To elucidate the variations of the lateral pharyngeal wall anatomy on physical examination and to assess the clinical importance of the examination of the lateral pharyngeal wall on the presence and severity of obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome. METHODS The cross-sectional study was conducted at Ege University Medical School, Izmir, Turkey, between May 2010 and April 2011. The pati...

We have analyzed H and Ks–band images of the Arches cluster obtained using the NIRC2 instrument on Keck with the laser guide star adaptive optics (LGS AO) system. With the help of the LGS AO system, we were able to obtain the deepest ever photometry for this cluster and its neighborhood, and derive the background-subtracted present-day mass function (PDMF) down to 1.3M⊙ for the 5–9 annulus of t...

In this work, the nonlinear buckling and post-buckling behavior of shallow arches made of Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) is investigated. Arches are susceptible to large deflections, due to their slenderness, especially when the external load exceeds the serviceability limit point. Beyond this, loss of stability may occur, the famous snap-through buckling. For this reason, curved beams can be used in...

The requirement of retinoic acid (RA) in the initial formation of the pharyngeal arches was investigated by treating headfold-stage mouse embryos with a pan-RAR antagonist in vitro and in vivo. This results in a complete absence of mesenchyme, arteries, nerves and epibranchial placodes of the 3rd and 4th pharyngeal arches, complete agenesis of the 3rd and 4th pouches and consistent lack of the ...

Aging causes foot arches to collapse, possibly leading to foot deformities and falls. This paper proposes a set of measures involving an entropy-based method used for two groups of young adults with dissimilar foot arches to explore and quantize postural stability on a force plate in an upright position. Fifty-four healthy young adults aged 18–30 years participated in this study. These were cat...