Indirect reciprocity involves cooperative acts towards strangers, either in response to their kindness to third parties (downstream) or after receiving kindness from others oneself (upstream). It is considered to be important for the evolution of cooperative behavior amongst humans. Though it has been widely studied theoretically, the empirical evidence of indirect reciprocity has thus far been...

Under the current US regime, consumers have inadequate knowledge and control regarding how companies disclose their personal information to third parties. Consisting of industry-specific and state laws, ad hoc FTC enforcement, and self-regulation, this piecemeal approach to privacy leaves consumers in most cases with little actual knowledge about who will receive their information and how they ...

We derive unidirectional pulse propagation equations to describe extreme high-intensity and ultra-broadband optical interactions in uniaxial crystals, showing both secondand third-order nonlinear optical susceptivities. Two nonlinearly coupled first order (in the propagation coordinate) equations describe the dynamics and interactions of the ordinary and extraordinary field polarizations, and a...

. Losses suffered by customers can come from unlawful acts of producers or the existence a valid contractual relationship between and consumers. This study uses an analytical method with empirical juridical approach legal sociology, which is to problem reviewing regulations that have been enforced in society as positive law its implementing including implementation field. Law No. 8 1999 concern...

The removal of impacted mandibular third molar is a common surgical procedure entailing some risk of complications, especially when the tooth and the inferior alveolar nerve and/or lingual cortical plate are in close proximity. A technique that can reduce the possibility of damage is the Ultra Sonic Bone Surgery. The aim of this report is to present a paradigmatic case of an impacted mandibular...