We study numerically depressed-index cladding, buried, micro-structured optical waveguides that can be formed in a lithium niobate crystal by femtosecond laser writing. We demonstrate to which extent the waveguiding properties can be controlled by the waveguide geometry at the relatively moderate induced refractive index contrasts that are typical of the direct femtosecond inscription.

BACKGROUND Under-nutrition in older adults is widespread. Oral nutritional supplement beverages (ONS) are prescribed, yet consumption by older people is often insufficient. A variety of supplement formats may improve nutrient intake. This study developed protein and micro-nutrient fortified biscuits and evaluated their sensory attributes and liking by older people. Two micro-nutrient strategies...

Advances in design, materials and production technology for micro-optical components have led to strong growth in their use in today’s consumer products. In particular, micro-optical components produced by replication technologies such as UV embossing can now withstand the severe processing and environmental requirements of the consumer electronics industry, including lead-free IR reflow and th...

In this paper the dynamic analysis of a macro–micro parallel manipulator is studied in detail. The manipulator architecture is a simplified planar version adopted from the structure of the Large Adaptive Reflector (LAR), the Canadian design of next-generation giant radio telescopes. In this structure it is proposed to use two parallel redundant manipulators at the macro and micro level, both ac...

This paper reports on the state-of-the-art of technologies for the design and fabrication of MEMS micro-mirrors. We discuss the major design issues, considerations, calculations and restrictions of micro mirrors. The materials employed for the reflective surfaces are described along with their properties. The materials used for the static and dynamic MEMS micro structures as well as the differe...

Equal channel multi angular pressing (ECMAP) process is the efficient method to enhance the productivity of ultra-fine grained (UFG) materials, by increasing process continuity and as a result decreasing process required time. Comparing repetitive ECAP method, in the same period, the number of passes can be done by ECMAP. In this article, ECMAP of AL strips in two typical annealed and as receiv...

This paper discusses the teaching of Fourier Series concepts in undergraduate Electrical Engineering education with the help of an Android application, especially developed to that end. In order to better understand the links and implications, some of the basic Fourier series theory is briefly reviewed. The Android application has an easy-to-use, friendly interface, conceived to help undergradu...

Abstract To clarify the effect of Hindered amine light stabilizer (HALS) on ultraviolet (UV) aging behavior asphalt binder, evolution history and characteristics UV induced micro-structure modified were characterized. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) Atomic Force (AFM) used to analyze microscopic morphology stabilizer-modified during aging. By defining in joints by UV, identification classifi...

The Micro pump is an essential component in a Micro Total Analysis System (μTAS). A feasible and reliable design of the micro pump is a key for the development of the μTAS. The Valve-less Rectification Micro Pump (VRMP) has many advantages, such as: non-moving parts, independent of fluids and channels properties, reliable, and easy to fabricate. Fluid diodicity is an essential parameter of the ...