many studies have shown that cytotoxic t lymphocyte antigen-4 (ctla-4) gene variants are associated with several autoimmune diseases particularly type 1 diabetes. due to the lack of consistent data for this association with type 2 diabetes (t2d), this study explored the possible influence of ctla-4 gene polymorphisms at -1722 (t/c), -318 (c/t), and +49 (g/a) positions for susceptibility to t2d ...

vitamin d deficiency is prevalent in diabetes type 2 and this vitamin may be related to insulin action. this randomized controlled trial study was done to evaluate the effect of vitamin d supplementation on glucose control and insulin resistance in patients with diabetes type 2.participants of this randomized clinical trial study consisted of 28 patients with type 2 diabetes who received 100 mi...

introduction: repeated hyperglycemia play an important role in the development of atherosclerosis in diabetic patients. endothelium is the organ of the first-line defense against atherosclerosis and nitric oxide has a major role in this task. the aim of this study was to determine changes in plasma nitric oxide metabolites concentration during glucose tolerance test in type 2 diabetic rats. met...

diabetes mellitus (dm) and osteoporosis are common diseases and their prevalence increases with age. several investigations have indicated that type 1 dm has a significant relationship with bone loss, whereas in type 2 diabetes, this relationship is controversial. therefore, this study was conducted to determine the relationship between osteoporosis and type 2 dm in elderly people. this populat...

objective: arctium lappa (burdock), (a. lappa) root has hypoglycemic and antioxidative effects, and has been used for treatment of diabetes in tradition medicine. this study was conducted to evaluate the antidiabetic and hypolipidemic properties of a. lappa root extract on nicotinamide-streptozotocin (na-stz)-induced type2 diabetes in mice.materials and methods: in this investigation, 70 adult ...

background: the relationship of inflammatory cytokines with anxiety and depression has been reported, but their role in diabetic patients has not been fully elucidated. objective: we examined whether an association between prevalence of anxiety and depression in omani type-2 diabetic patients (n=30) and the levels of inflammatory markers such as il-1β, tnf-α, ifn-γ and c-reactive protein (crp) ...

conclusions compared with acarbose or metformin monotherapy, the addition of acarbose to metformin had superior antihyperglycemia efficacy and provided an efficacious and safe alternative for the treatment of type 2 diabetic rats. acarbose/metformin reduced the fasting blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin without significant changes in serum visfatin levels. background diabetes mellitus is a c...

objectives this study aimed to investigate the relation between depression and quality of life in patients with diabetes. patients and methods this is a cross sectional survey. subjects were selected from 330 eligible people referred to the only diabetes clinic in gorgan city during 6 months, using systematic random sampling. beak depression questionnaire and the brief questioner with 26 questi...

conclusions our findings showed that the genotype tt rs53576 oxtr, as well as t allele had significant differences in our population and play a protective role. therefore, it is suggested to place more interest on these oxtr in large populations and different ethnic groups. results the logistic regression analysis suggested no significant associations of oxtr single nucleotide polymorphism (snp...

introduction: the aim of this study was to determine the prevalences of diagnosed and undiagnosed diabetes mellitus, impaired fasting glucose (ifg), impaired glucose tolerance (igt), and combined ifg/igt and to develop an effective screening strategy for undiagnosed diabetes in a large urban iranian community. materials and methods: the study population included 9,519 participants of the tehran...