1.1. Foundations. von Neumann and Morgenstern (1944), Savage (1954), and Muth (1961) created mathematical foundations that applied economists have used to construct quantitative dynamic models for policy making. These foundations give modern dynamic models an internal coherence that lead to sharp empirical predictions. When we acknowledge that models are approximations, logical problems emerge ...

Abstract This paper proposes new analytical and finite element solutions for studying the effects of elastic foundations on uncontrolled controlled static vibration responses smart multi-layered laminated composite plates with integrated piezoelectric layers, acting as actuators sensors. A non-polynomial higher-order plate theory zigzag kinematics involving a trigonometric function local segmen...

A comprehensive compilation of published optical properties (absorption, scattering, total attenuation, effective attenuation, andlor anisotropy coefficients) of various biological tissues at a variety of wavelengths is presented. The theoretical foundations for most experimental approaches are outlined. Relations between Kubelka-Munk parameters and transport coefficients are listed. The optica...

Traditionally traffic flow models have been based on analogous physical phenomena. Though these models have been successful in representing traffic flow, there is a need to provide a systematic behavioural explanation for their existence. One such model is the two-fluid model which is analogous to the principles of Bose–Einstein condensation of particles at low temperatures. The model has been ...

In the mid 1980’s, Yao presented a constant-round protocol for securely computing any two-party functionality in the presence of semi-honest adversaries (FOCS 1986). In this paper, we provide a complete description of Yao’s protocol, along with a rigorous proof of security. Despite the importance of Yao’s protocol to the field of secure computation, to the best of our knowledge, this is the fir...