Perforated tape with obstacle was applied inside the absorber pipe filled nanomaterial to intensify efficiency of current solar collector. Simulations were done via ANSYS FLUENT incorporating K–ε for turbulent flow and homogenous model nanomaterial. To reduce computation price, optimized size grid has been selected verification based on previous published data show nice accuracy. Height number ...

background and aims. the manufacturing process of rotary ni-ti file can influence its resistance to fracture. the rotary profile (dentsply-maillefer, baillagues, switzerland) is manufactured by grinding mechanism whereas twisted file (sybron endo, usa) is manufactured with a twisting method. the purpose of this study was to comparatively evaluate the effect of manufacturing process on distortio...