Bartter syndrome is a hereditary disorder that has been characterized by the association of hypokalemia, alkalosis, and the hypertrophy of the juxtaglomerular complex with secondary hyperaldosteronism and normal blood pressure. By contrast, the genetic causes of Bartter syndrome primarily affect molecular structures directly involved in the sodium reabsorption at the level of the Henle loop. Th...

Sjögren's syndrome is mainly affects the exocrine glands. Patients usually complain of persistent dryness of the mouth and eyes. However, nonexocrine organs such as the kidneys are often affected in these patients. Distal renal tubular acidosis (dRTA) and interstitiel nephritis are common in Sjögren's syndrome. Nonetheless, severe hypokalemia and paralysis secondary to dRTA are unusual initial ...

A 52 year old female patient presented to emergency casualty with Acute onset quadriparesis respiratory muscle involvement in. During initial work up Serum electrolytes showed severe hypokalemia. Arterial blood gas normal anionic gap metabolic acidosis positive urine anion and examination alkaline PH in the presence of systemic acidosis. All these findings suggest Distal Tubular Acidosis. Furth...

Bartter syndrome (BS) type 1 (OMIM #601678) is a hereditary salt-losing renal tubular disorder characterized by hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis, hypercalciuria, nephrocalcinosis, polyuria, recurrent vomiting, and growth retardation. It is caused by loss-of-function mutations of the SLC12A1 gene, encoding the furosemide-sensitive Na-K-Cl cotransporter. Recently, a phenotypic variability has been...

the current study conducted a finite element (fe) and experimental investigation on tubular channel angular pressing as a noble severe plastic deformation technique for producing ultrafine grained and nanostructure tubular components. to examine the effects of the tcap process on the strain distribution and deformation behavior, fe simulations were employed. the fe results demonstrated that equ...

BACKGROUND Sjögren syndrome (SS) is an autoimmune-lymphoproliferative disorder characterized by mononuclear cell infiltration of exocrine glands. Clinically, Sjögren syndrome (SS) has a wide spectrum, varying from autoimmune exocrinopathy to systemic involvement. There have been few cases reporting that primary SS developed with distal renal tubular acidosis clinically. CASE REPORT Here, we p...

To explore the expression and clinical significance of toll-like receptor 1 3 in renal tissues children with primary nephrotic syndrome. A total 120 syndrome kidney who underwent biopsy were selected as observation group, which can be divided into minimal change disease type (40 cases), membranous nephropathy (20 mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis (30 cases) focal segmental glomeruloscl...

An adult case of Fanconi's syndrome as$ociated with rnembranous nephropathy is described. Renal biopsy specimens revealed typical features of rnembranous nephropathy associated with seyere tubulointerstitial changes in light microscopy, electron microscopy and irnrnunofluorescent microscopy. The nephrotic syndTome duc to membranous nephTopathy was observed at the tini,e dc,finite diagnosis of F...

A new syndrome of oligohydramnios, Potter's syndrome, and anuric renal failure leading to stillbirth or neonatal death from respiratory failure has recently been described. Histologically, there is renal tubular dysgenesis, especially of the proximal tubules, and apparent glomerular crowding. To date, five families have been reported, in four of which there have been affected sibs and in two pa...