Although it has been known for many years that T. spiralis muscle larvae (ML) can not invade intestinal epithelial cells unless they are exposed to the intestinal milieu and activated into intestinal infective larvae (IIL), which genes in IIL are involved in the process of invasion is still unknown. In this study, suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) was performed to identify differentia...

GROVE, D. I., AND CIVIL, IL H. 1978. Trichinella spiralis: Effects on the host-parasite relationship in mice of BCG (attenuated Mycobacterium bovis). Experimental Parasitology 44, 181-189. The effects of BCG (Bacillus Calmette-Guerin, i.e., attenuated Mycobacterium bovis) on the host-parasite relationship in murine trichinosis were examined. A total of 2 X 10’ colony forming units of BCG given ...

Trichinella spiralis infection elicits a vigorous IgE response and pronounced intestinal and splenic mastocytosis in mice. Since IgE both activates mast cells (MC) and promotes their survival in culture, we examined its role in MC responses and parasite elimination in T. spiralis-infected mice. During primary infection, wild-type but not IgE-deficient (IgE(-/-)) BALB/c mice mounted a strong IgE...

Trichinellosis is a serious disease with no satisfactory treatment. We aimed to assess the effect of myrrh (Commiphora molmol) and, for the first time, thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) against enteral and encysted (parenteral) phases of Trichinella spiralis in mice compared with albendazole, and detect their effect on inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression. Oral administration of 500 mg/kg...

Thirty-two Hampshire-Yorkshire pigs (6 to 8 wk old) were inoculated with the Beltsville strain of Trichinella spiralis at a level of about 880 larvae/kg of body weight (about 15 kg). At about 100 kg, the pigs were slaughtered and 10-g samples of muscle and other tissues were digested in pepsin-HC1 and examined microscopically for T. spiralis larvae. The mean number of larvae recovered/gram was:...

To date, molecular markers have not settled the question of the specific status of the closely related, but phylogenetically unresolved, brown seaweeds, hermaphroditic Fucus spiralis and dioecious Fucus vesiculosus, nor their propensity for natural hybridization. To test the degree of species integrity and to assess effect of the mating system on the population genetic structure, 288 individual...

Aquatic macrophytes have been widely studied because of their capability of absorbing contaminants from water and their subsequent use in biomonitoring. This study presents a comparison of Cr accumulating potential of submerged aquatic plants viz Vallisneria spiralis and Hydrilla verticillata. These plants were treated with various concentrations of treated tannery effluent collected from UASB,...

T helper 2 (Th2) cytokines interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13, which activate signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (STAT6) are expressed in the muscularis externa during nematode infection and are candidate mediators of the associated hypercontractility. To determine the locus of action of these cytokines, we examined the IL-4- and IL-13-induced hypercontractility of the isolated muscle...

The immune response against Trichinella spiralis at the intestinal level depends on the CD4+ T cells, which can both suppress or promote the inflammatory response through the synthesis of diverse cytokines. During the intestinal phase, the immune response is mixed (Th1/Th2) with the initial predominance of the Th1 response and the subsequent domination of Th2 response, which favor the developme...

Intracellular recordings of jejunal myenteric neurons with an afterspike hyperpolarization (AH) from Trichinella spiralis-infected animals showed enhanced excitability on days 3, 6, and 10postinfection (PI) compared with uninfected animals. Lower membrane potential, increased membrane input resistance, decreased threshold for action potential discharge, decreased AH amplitude and duration, and ...