objectives: the aims of this study were to test whether lightening of the overexposed radiographs improve determination of endodontic files length and whether lightened radiographs are comparable with ideally exposed radiographs. material and methods: four dried human skull coated with soft tissue-equivalent wax used for exposing radiographs of the upper molars. first, the endodontic file was p...

introduction: this study aimed to evaluate the effect of pretreatment with a neutral fluoride agent on shear bond strength (sbs) and microleakage of orthodontic brackets, and to investigate any significant relationship between sbs and microleakage. methods: forty intact premolars were selected and randomly divided into 2 groups. group 1 served as the control, while group 2 underwent treatment w...

conclusions considering possible side effects of heparin and the increase in treatment charges and the fact that using heparin did not have a significant effect on patency and survival of catheters in the studied patients, it is recommended to use normal saline solution to maintain the patency of central venous catheters. results there was no significant difference in the rate of flushing (p = ...

background edible salt is the most commonly used food additive worldwide. therefore, any contamination of table salt could be a health hazard. objectives the present study aimed to determine the levels of heavy metals in table and bakery refined salts. materials and methods eighty-one table refined salt samples and the same number of bakery refined salt samples were purchased from retail market...

background emergence agitation (ea) is a common problem in pediatric anesthesia. the current study evaluated the effect of intravenous lidocaine combined with propofol or thiopental sodium to control ea by sevoflurane in children. objectives the current study aimed to compare the effectiveness of two anesthesia regimen propofol–lidocaine and thiopental sodium lidocaine to control sevoflurane-in...

the anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (sds) was degraded by novel strain ofpseudomonas aeruginosa kgs under accession no. jq328193, which was isolated from carwash wastewater. the purpose of this research was to study different optimization conditionsrequired for enhancing the biodegradation of sodium dodecyl sulfate p. aeruginosa kgs.influence of different physicochemical factors such ...

abstract background: sodium bicarbonate serum therapy is used for compensation bicarbonate lost and increasing blood ph in metabolic acidosis caused by severe anemia in patient with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (g6pd) deficiency. the aim of present study was comparison the effect of serum therapy using two different serums (serum with bicarbonate and without bicarbonate) on some renal and ...