Background: Chaste tree is a phytoestrogenic herb and has a long tradition as a herbal remedy and was used in ancient times as an aphrodisiac. This study was conducted to evaluate in vitro fertilization ability and cleavage rate of sperm in chaste tree essential oil treated male mice. Materials and Methods: In this study, 10 adult male mice were divided in to two groups: group 1 as control and ...

Advanced manufacturing systems often caters to rapidly changing product specification determination by the continuously increasing productivity, flexibility and quality demands. The estimation of cutting forces is mandatory to select tools and accessories for machining. Complex interrelationships exist between process parameters and these forces. In the present work, the applicability and relat...

A review is presented of one-dimensional cutting lines that are utilized to obtain the physical properties of carbon nanotubes from the corresponding properties of graphite by the zone-folding scheme. Quantization effects in general low-dimensional systems are briefly discussed, followed by a more detailed consideration of one-dimensional single-wall carbon nanotubes. The geometrical structure ...

Cutting planes are a crucial component of state-of-the-art mixed-integer programming solvers, with the choice which subset cuts to add being vital for solver performance. We propose new distance-based measures qualify value cut by quantifying extent it separates relevant parts relaxed feasible set. For this purpose, we use analytic centers relaxation polytope or its optimal face, as well altern...

This paper is to present a rule-based cutting tool selecting expert system which has knowledge modules and rule bases. Besides, according to different process targets, the selection progress will apply corresponding constraints and rule modules. The logic of tool selection follows a decision-making procedure as an experienced engineers. The strategy of system is to guide the user through severa...

The laser cutting parameters are dependent on the beam characteristics, the cutting rate required, the composition and thickness of the material to be cut, and the desired cut edge quality. The laser cutting process and cut quality depend upon the proper selection of laser and workpiece parameters. Deficiencies in cutting quality may be related to the slow process drifts and disturbances that a...

Investment castings (usually involving ceramic based shells) have traditionally been separated from the mould tree using an abrasive cutting operation. While material removal rates are relatively high, the process unfortunately suffers from poor accuracy control that often necessitates further finishing operations. Following an overview of key considerations in investment casting including tree...

The mechanism of cutting process of roadheader with cutting head was researched, and the influences of properties of coal and rock on cutting load were deeply analyzed. Aimed at the defects of traditional calculation method of cutting load on fully expressing the complex cutting process of cutting head, the method of finite element simulation was proposed to simulate the dynamic cutting process...

We study the Chvátal rank of polytopes as a complexity measure of unsatisfiable sets of clauses. Our first result establishes a connection between the Chvátal rank and the minimum refutation length in the cutting planes proof system. The result implies that length lower bounds for cutting planes, or even for tree-like cutting planes, imply rank lower bounds. We also show that the converse impli...