introduction: sequential batch reactor (sbr) is one of the modified biological treatment systems which is able to remove bod5, nitrogen, and phosphorus from wastewater. the object of this study is to determine the removal efficiency of nitrogen, phosphorus, and heavy metals from municipal wastewater by the advanced sbr system. methods: this descriptive-analytical and cross-sectional study was c...

Projecting invasion treatment outcomes and determining controlling efficiency under various management strategies have important implications in field management. Different from herbicide usage that may cause environmental pollution nontarget effects on native plants, nonchemical (i.e., mechanical) methods, such as mowing hand weeding, shown great targeted effectiveness invasion. However, an in...

abstract shortage and improper distribution of rainfall in tea growing period are important growth limiting factors in tea fields in northern part of iran. if there is not any other limited factors, supplemental irrigation by sprinkler can increase tea yield. this study was carried out in order to investigate the optimum sprinkler irrigation interval on yield and water use efficiency of tea. th...