HEPATITIS VIRUS MARKERS IN THE POPULATION OF THE SOUTHERN PLAIN REGION OF HUNGARY; PERINATAL OR TRANSPLACENTAL TRANSMISSION OF HUMAN VIRUSES Nation-wide programmes have been initiated in Hungary for the prevention of perinatal transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in 1995 and mandatory vaccination has been initiated in 2001. The prevalence of hepatitis virus markers have been determined in th...

Childhood cancer is the leading cause of disease-related death in children aged 1-14 years in Canada and the USA and it has been hypothesized that transplacental exposure to environmental carcinogens such as benzene may contribute to the etiology of these cancers. Our objectives were to determine if transplacental benzene exposure increased tumor incidence in mouse offspring and assess fetal be...

Neospora caninum is an aplicomplexan parasite that has brought several concerns to cattle raisers worldwide due to its relationship to fetal loss. However, the mechanism of the parasite's transplacental infection and induced abortions are not completely understood. Bovine trophoblastic binucleated cells (BNC) play a major role in the maternal-fetal interactions, migrating during the entire preg...

The transplacental transfer of cefuroxime was determined at antenatal fetal blood sampling in a cross sectional study of 78 patients between 15-35 weeks' gestation, 8-138 minutes after a maternal intravenous dose of 750 mg. Mean serum cefuroxime concentration, measured by high performance liquid chromatography, was 7.4 (95% confidence interval (CI) 6.8 to 8.1) mg/l in control fetuses; concentra...

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) such as benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) are ubiquitous environmental pollutants found in tobacco smoke, air pollution, and grilled foods. Prenatal exposure to BaP causes premature reproductive senescence in mice, and other PAHs are transplacental ovarian carcinogens. Glutathione (GSH) is critical for detoxification of the reactive metabolites of PAHs. Therefore, we h...

Information on the direct and indirect effects of buprenorphine (BUP) on the fetus is essential for determining its potential for treatment of the pregnant opiate addict. The goal of this investigation is to determine the transplacental transfer of BUP to the fetal circulation, its metabolism, and effects on the tissue. The technique of dual perfusion of placental lobule is used. The range of B...

C57BL/6J (B6) and DBA/2J (D2) mice have different susceptibilities to developmental toxicity and transplacental carcinogenesis induced by in utero exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, which has been associated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon metabolism and inducibility at the Ah locus. The distribution of total 3-methylcholanthrene (3-MC)-associated radioactivity in maternal, plac...