Maritime trade was an important part of the Russian-Chinese in second half 19th century. During this period, Voluntary fleet began transporting cargo between Russian and Chinese ports maritime transit system created. Using analysis, article analyzes structure demonstrates model sea 1880s 1890s. The main structural elements were direction which goods transited, conditions for transportation, int...

This report evaluates criticism of rail transit systems. It examines claims that rail transit is ineffective at increasing public transit ridership and improving transportation system performance, that rail transit investments are not cost effective, and that transit is an outdated form of transportation. It finds that critics often misrepresent issues and use biased and inaccurate analysis. Th...

Public transit provides important services for urban commuters and transit dependent population. A key objective of most public transit projects is to increase regional transit ridership and mode share. Traditional survey has been widely used by a transit project to estimate the change of ridership. In a large metropolitan area with multiple public transit modes, it is costly and difficult to c...

local bus network is the most popular transit mode and the only available transit mode in the majority of cities of the world. increasing the utility of this mode which increases its share from urban trips is an important goal for city planners. timetable setting as the second component of bus network design problem (network route design timetable setting vehicle assignment crew assignment) hav...

Contemporary maritime piracy presents a significant threat to the global shipping industry, with annual costs estimated at up to US$12bn. To address the threat, commanders and policymakers need new data-driven decision-support tools that will allow them to plan and execute counter-piracy activities most effectively. So far, however, the provision of such tools has been very limited. To fill thi...

Robustness is as important as efficiency in air transportation. All components in the air traffic system are connected to form an interactive network. So, a disturbance that occurs in one component, for example, a severe delay at an airport, can influence the entire network. Delays are easily propagated between flights through gates, but the propagation can be reduced if gate assignments are ro...

This paper outlines a scheduling process for improving high-frequency bus service reliability based on a model which uses Automatic Vehicle Location and Automatic Passenger Count data. Developing a schedule for high-frequency bus routes involves balancing the costs to the passengers and the cost to the transit agency. Passengers are interested in short travel times and short, reliable waiting t...

This paper proposes a new, improved method for water flow metering. It applies to a transit time ultrasonic flow meter device. In principle, the flow of a given liquid in a pipe is obtained by measuring the transit times of an ultrasonic wave in the upstream and downstream directions. The difference between these times is, in theory, linearly proportional to the liquid flow velocity. However, t...

1 The congestion problem of urban transportation is becoming increasingly critical for many 2 metropolises. The Urban Rail Transit (URT) system has attracted substantial attention due to its 3 safety, high speed, high capacity and sustainability. With a focus on providing a holistic 4 modelling framework for train scheduling problems, this paper proposes a novel optimization 5 methodology that ...

in this paper, we are going to investigate the growth of the iranian maritime transport with a focus mainly on the north - south transit corridor, review of dry ports in order to support the iranian container terminals at the south ports in order to increase the volume of container storages at the terminals. for the purpose of assessing the outcome of port operational management, the balanced s...