Although transdermal drug delivery has many potential advantages, the permeability of skin to macromolecules is extremely low. However, the application of short, high-voltage pulses to electroporate skin has recently been shown to make it reversibly permeable. A number of studies have demonstrated that electroporation-mediated transdermal delivery of peptides, polysaccharides, oligonucleotides ...

By definition, transdermal, drug-delivery applications mandate the use of adequate adhesive systems to not only keep the pharmaceutical agent in contact with the intended surface, but to facilitate sustained, controlled delivery. Engineers who must determine which silicone chemistry is optimal for their device have a few options. While pressuresensitive silicone adhesives (PSAs) have typically ...

To date, transdermal delivery has been effective in delivering only a very few drugs due to diffi culties in moving larger, and chemically non-compatible, molecules across the skin’s biologically-active barrier. Drugs with higher melting points, drugs of molecular weight greater than 500 Daltons and drugs requiring pharmacological doses of more than 40 mg in 24 hours can not employ patchor gel-...

The increased interest in transdermal drug delivery has highlighted the importance of understanding fluid-particles dynamics in porous media. In this work, the fluid-mediated transport of drug particles in the Corneocytes of Stratum Corneum is investigated by means of the Lattice Boltzmann method, as coupled to a particle dynamics solver to track the trajectory of the drug particles. The numeri...

Transdermal drug delivery systems have been around for decades, and current technologies (e.g., patches, ointments, and creams) enhance the skin permeation of low molecular weight, lipophilic drugs that are efficacious at low doses. The objective of current transdermal drug delivery research is to discover ways to enhance skin penetration of larger, hydrophilic drugs and macromolecules for dise...

The paper focuses on the advances in the field of pain treatment by transdermal delivery of specific drugs. Starting from a short description of the skin barrier, the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics including absorption, distribution, action mechanism, metabolism and toxicity, aspects related to the use of pain therapy drugs are further discussed. Most recent results on topical anesthetic...

Controlled-release delivery of 6-beta-naltrexol (NTXOL), the major active metabolite of naltrexone, via a transdermal patch is desirable for treatment of alcoholism. Unfortunately, NTXOL does not diffuse across skin at a therapeutic rate. Therefore, the focus of this study was to evaluate microneedle (MN) skin permeation enhancement of NTXOL's hydrochloride salt in hairless guinea pigs. Specifi...