In CI engines, the evaporation rate of fuel on various hot surfaces, including the combustion chamber, has a significant effect on deposit formation and accumulation, the exhaust emissions of PM and NOx, and their efficiency. Therefore, the evaporation of liquid fuel droplets impinging on hot surfaces has become an important subject of interest to engine designers, manufacturers, and researcher...

In this paper we study translation surfaces with the non-degenerate third fundamental form in Lorentz- Minkowski space $mathbb{L}^{3}$. As a result, we classify translation surfaces satisfying an equation in terms of the position vector field and the Laplace operator with respect to the third fundamental form $III$ on the surface.

The main issues about relation between climate and relief in the Romanian geomorphological literature follow three directions of research: the description of Pleistocene glacial and Pleistocene-Holocene periglacial landforms in the Carpathians; the direct analysis of climate?s role in landform development; the integration of separate works and findings in a synthetic morphodynamic system applic...

In the present study, Thermo-Reactive Deposition method (TRD) in a molten bath was used to form niobium carbide coating on AISI L2 steel. The coating was formed in five different composition of borax (Na2B4O7), boric acid (B2O3), and ferro-niobium. For all of the five compositions of molten bath, niobium carbide coating treatment was carried out at 1173 K, 1273 K, and 1373 K for 2, 4 and 8 hour...

Background and Purpose: Fungal contamination in damp places in buildings has become an increasing problem worldwide. Dampness facilitates the growth of fungi, which can cause adverse effects not only on the buildings but also on their occupants. The aim of this study was to identify indoor mold species in the buildings of Kerman province, Iran. Materials and Methods: In this study, 110 samples...

Density functional theory (DFT) based calculations have been performed to examine the relaxations of tautomers of 4–hydroxy–6–methylpyridin–2(1H)–one (MPO), as a representative of pyridinone derivatives, at the fullerene (C60) surfaces. Optimized molecular properties including energies, dipole moments and atomic scale quadrupole coupling constants (CQ) have been e...

objective(s):anodized treated titanium surfaces, have been proposed as potential surfaces with better cell attachment capacities. we have investigated the adhesion and proliferation properties of h9c2 cardiac myoblasts on anodized treated titanium surface.  materials and methods: surface topography and anodized tubules were examined by high-resolution scanning electron microscopy (sem). control...

nowadays the surface texturing has been widely recognized as a usable capability to improve the tribological systems. in this paper, ultrasonic assisted turning (uat) isperformed to create the micro textures on the flat faces. micro surface texturing ismade on the al7075-t6 by the uat in the face turning process. then, the influences of cutting speed feed, vibration direction and vibration ampl...

Many metal forming problems have been solved using the slip line field method but all of them have either been two-dimensional (plane strain or plain stress) or axisymmetric problems. In this paper a procedure has been proposed by which the slip line field solution to three dimensional problems of metal forming becomes possible. For this purpose the extrusion of shaped sections has been taken a...

‎In this paper‎, ‎we study translation invariant surfaces in the‎ ‎3-dimensional Heisenberg group $rm Nil_3$‎. ‎In particular‎, ‎we‎ ‎completely classify translation invariant surfaces in $rm Nil_3$‎ ‎whose position vector $x$ satisfies the equation $Delta x = Ax$‎, ‎where $Delta$ is the Laplacian operator of the surface and $A$‎ ‎is a $3 times 3$-real matrix‎.