leishmania is a protozoan parasite belonging to the family trypanosomatidae, which is found among 88 different countries. the parasite lives as an amastigote in vertebrate macro­phages and as a promastigote in the digestive tract of sand fly. it can be cultured in the laboratory us­ing appropriate culture media. although the sexual cycle of leishmania has not been observed during the promastigo...

Conjugated fatty acids have attracted much attention as a novel type of biologically beneficial functional lipid. Some isomers of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) reduce carcinogenesis, atherosclerosis, and body fat. Considering the use of CLA for medicinal and nutraceutical purposes, a safe isomer-selective process is required. The introduction of biological reactions for CLA production could be...

On the basis of the isomer-specific effects of trans fatty acids (FA) on human health, and the detrimental effect of t10,c12-conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) on cows' milk fat production, there is a need to identify factors that affect the shift from trans-11 to trans-10 pathway during ruminal biohydrogenation of FA. This experiment was conducted in vitro and aimed at separating the effects of th...

The purpose of this study was to differentiate post-chemoradiotherapy (CRT) changes from tumor persistence/recurrence in early follow-up naso-oropharyngeal carcinoma on magnetic resonance (MRI) with diffusion (DWI) and dynamic contrast-enhanced perfusion-weighted imaging (DCE-PWI). A total 37 patients were assessed MRI both for staging 4-month ending CRT. Mean apparent coefficient (ADC) values,...

Digesta samples from the ovine rumen and pure ruminal bacteria were incubated with linoleic acid (LA) in deuterium oxide-containing buffer to investigate the mechanisms of the formation of conjugated linoleic acids (CLAs). Rumenic acid (RA; cis-9,trans-11-18:2), trans-9,trans-11-18:2, and trans-10,cis-12-18:2 were the major CLA intermediates formed from LA in ruminal digesta, with traces of tra...

Reaction of the doubly-bridged biscyclopentadienes (C5H4(EMe2))(C5H4(SiMe2)) (E = Si(1a), or C(1b)) with Re2(CO)10 in refluxing mesitylene gave the corresponding dirhenium carbonyl complexes [(η(5)-C5H3)2(EMe2)(SiMe2)][Re(CO)3]2 (trans-2a,b and cis-2a,b), and the desilylated products [(η(5)-C5H4)2(EMe2)][Re(CO)3]2 (3a,b). Photolysis of trans-2a,b with a series of aryl halides in benzene results...