background: volume estimation of brain is important for many neurological applications. it is necessary in measuring brain growth and changes in brain in normal/abnormal patients. thus, accurate brain volume measurement is very important. magnetic resonance imaging (mri) is the method of choice for volume quantification due to excellent levels of image resolution and between-tissue contrast. st...

This paper presents a microscopic traffic estimation algorithm for smartphones by employing their built-in probes (such as GPS and acceleration sensors) to increase the accuracy of estimating the real-time traffic condition without significantly increasing these smart phones' energy consumption. In this approach, real-time traffic data is collected through cooperating smartphone users traveling...

Short-term prediction of traffic flow is central to alleviating congestion and controlling the negative impacts of environmental pollution resulting from vehicle emissions on both inter- and intra-urban highways. The strong need to monitor and control congestion time and costs for metropolis in developing countries has therefore motivated the current study. This paper establishes the applicatio...

Pedestrians are among the most vulnerable road users. Speed of vehicles is considered as one of the major causes of danger for pedestrians crossing the street. Therefore, it is of utmost importance to devise suitable solutions to reduce speed of vehicles. One of these solutions is installation of Pedestrian Refuge Islands (PRI) in very wide midblocks. With regard to fluctuations in pedestrian a...

In November 2002, the Hanshin Expressway Public Corporation started the operation of a traffic simulation program called HEROINE. This report outlines the functions of HEROINE and its actual operation. The program was evaluated by comparing the estimation results against actual traffic volume data for two months from the start date of the operation. Discussion extends to possible system improve...

Traffic incidents cause approximately 50 percent of freeway congestion in metropolitan areas, resulting in extra travel time and fuel cost. Quantifying incident-induced delay (IID) will help people better understand the real costs of incidents, maximize the benefit-to-cost-ratio of investments in incident remedy actions, and facilitate the development of active traffic management and integrated...