Travels within the city are done in different ways, by vehicle or on foot. Thus, inevitably, a part of the travel is always done on foot. Since intersections as traffic nodes are determinant factor in transportation network capacity, any disruption in them leads to severe reduction in network capacity. Unfortunately, pedestrian behavior has received little attention in Iran. While this is a ver...

background: evaluation of intra-city roads in terms of environmental factors of motor vehicle injuries can help us to better identify these factors and the share of each of the factors in injuries. therefore, this study was conducted to determine the high injury areas and the risk factors of motor vehicle crashes resulting in injury and death in tehran, the capital city of iran, from november 2...

Rapid and concentrated growth in many urban areas has led to a dramatic increase in the number of commuters and a subsequent strain on many cities’ traffic signal facilities. Although traffic delays have almost become an accepted part of our culture, significant efforts (and funding) are focussed on improving the overall performance of urban traffic-control systems. Unfortunately, responses to ...

An Intrusion Detection System (IDS) is a piece of software and/or hardware designed to detect unwanted attempts at accessing, manipulating, and disabling of computer systems, through a network such as the Internet. Network-based Intrusion Detection Systems (NIDS) try to detect malicious activities by monitoring network traffic. Research on network traffic measurement has identified various patt...

In this paper, we consider hyperbolic relaxation systems arising from dynamic continuum traffic flow models including the well-known Payne and Whitham (PW) model. The equilibrium characteristic speed resonates with one characteristic speed of the full relaxation system in many physical scenarios in traffic flow, for which the usual subcharacteristic condition only marginally holds. In spite of ...

The effective capacity of inter-urban motorway networks is an essential component of traffic control and information systems, particularly during periods of daily peak flow. However, slightly inaccurate capacity predictions can lead to congestion that has huge social costs in terms of travel time, fuel costs and environment pollution. Therefore, accurate forecasting of the traffic flow during p...

Keeping the density of traffic flow and air pollution in an acceptable level and developing a good capacity for transit in the high priority areas of the city, is really a big deal in large and crowded cities. To address this problem, a new method of intersection signal optimization is presented in this paper. Based on network fundamental diagrams, an Internal–External Traffic Metering Strategy...

Traffic signal controls play an important role in regulating vehicular flow at road intersections. Traditional systems are not capable of adjusting the timing pattern in accordance with vehicular demand. This results in excessive delays for road users. Hence it is necessary to develop dynamic systems that can adjust the timing patterns according to traffic demand Introduction Recent years have ...

Traffic analysis is typically countered by the use of intermediary nodes, whose role is to perturb the traffic flow and thus confuse an external observer. Such intermediaries are called mixes. We address attacks that exploit the timing behaviour of TCP and other protocols and applications in low-latency anonymity networks. Intermediaries delay and reroute exchanged messages, reorder them, pad t...