The wildlife pet trade has the potential to threaten the viability of free-ranging animal populations. Yet there are potential benefits from the informal biological knowledge produced by breeders and caretakers for these taxa. How the evolution of a species shapes and is shaped by its embeddedness in the unique and changeable spatialities of the pet trade is also of relevance. To convey these p...

Global multilateral trading arrangements offer the best prospect for reducing barriers to trade and achieving the greatest gains from trade liberalization. Preferential trade agreements (PTAs) are a second-best means of achieving trade liberalization in a context where multilateral negotiations proceed slowly. There is considerable variation in the efforts undertaken by PTAs in different parts ...

Since the depression of the 1930s, Canadian and American workers have relied upon employers and governments for solutions to problems of economic insecurity brought on by illness, accident, unemployment, and old age. In the case of sickness insurance, 86% of Canadian paid workers who were sick for two or more weeks over the period 1978 to 1981 received compensation for lost wages through either...

The purpose of the paper is to discuss the effects of WTO accession on policy-making and institutional reforms in transition countries. This is done by looking at the experience of those transition countries which are already Members of the WTO. We start by examining the effect of accession on trade policy and distinguish between the effects of accession negotiations and those of autonomous pol...

Over the last decades, bilateral tax agreements, concluded by nearly every jurisdiction in world, have served to prevent harmful double taxation and remove obstacles cross-border trade goods services, movements of capital, technology persons. This extensive network agreements has, however, also given rise so-called “treaty-shopping” arrangements.

This article addresses the development of the World Health Organisation's (WHO) arrangements for accessing viruses and the development of vaccines to respond to potential pandemics (and other lesser outbreaks). It examines the ongoing "conflict" between the United Nations' Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) and the World Trade Organisation's Agreement on Trade Related Aspects of Intellect...

Somewhat incongruously, as global economic integration progressed the trend towards regionalism also strengthened. This paper introduces readers to the contemporary wave of regionalism. It delves into the principle characteristics of the second wave of regionalism, how it is different from the first and what is its texture. It focuses on regionalism in the Asia-Pacific region, which was slow to...

The purpose of this paper is to account for the revival of both academic and substantive interest in what had long been seen as an unimportant byway of social policy: the role of social partners, especially trade unions, in the management of national social insurance systems. The answer is found in the budgetary crises facing these systems along with the frequent embedded role of the social par...

We compare two alternative ways of measuring workers’ marginal willingness to pay (MWP) for four non-standard working arrangements: flexitime, part-time, night work, and rotating shifts. The first method is based on job-to-job transitions within a job search framework, while the second is based on estimating the determinants of subjective well-being. Using BHPS panel data from 1991-2008, we rel...

Abstract Trade between India and China has been rising exponentially with a widening trade deficit for India, which raised alarm by businesses, some Indian parliamentarians have started accusing of unfair practices. Nevertheless, both countries intend to negotiate free arrangements them based on complementarity. This study examines how much reduction in due different preferential trading is fea...