The Toxics Release Inventory (TRI) is the most comprehensive and widely reported information on hazardous discharges to the environment in the United States. Unfortunately, the fledgling nature of the TRI may lead to simplistic interpretations of the results. In particular, TRI summaries typically report total releases of toxic chemicals by weight, implicitly assuming that a discharge of substa...

OBJECTIVES Lysosome is the cell-organelle which is commonly used as biomonitoring tool in environmental pollution. In this study, the lysosomal proteomic of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae was analyzed for utilization in the detection of toxic substances in mine water samples. METHODS This work informs the expression of lysosomal proteomic in yeast in response with toxic chemicals, such as...

Insecticides are chemicals used to kill insects, so it is unsurprising that many insecticides have the potential to harm honey bees (Apis mellifera). However, bees are exposed to a great variety of other potentially toxic chemicals, including flavonoids and alkaloids that are produced by plants; mycotoxins produced by fungi; antimicrobials and acaricides that are introduced by beekeepers; and f...

A series of 436 Munro database chemicals were studied with respect to their corresponding experimental LD50 values to investigate the possibility of establishing a global QSAR model for acute toxicity. Dragon molecular descriptors were used for the QSAR model development and genetic algorithms were used to select descriptors better correlated with toxicity data. Toxic values were discretized in...

A simple test for toxic chemicals has been developed. Rhizobium meliloti is combined with the toxic chemical. A tetrazolium dye, MTT (3-[4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl]2,5diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide) is added. The bacterium reduces this dye, causing the optical absorbance to increase dramatically. The increase can be determined with a simple spectrophotometer. Toxic chemicals and minerals inhibit th...

INTRODUCTION There occur in our environment today a large number of compounds which are normally regarded as foreign to the body. Many of these get into the body in various ways and therefore it is important to know how they affect our health and how the body deals with them. These chemicals may appear in the body because they have been deliberately put there as in the case of drugs, deliberate...

The introduction of Registration, Evaluation and Authorisation of Chemicals (REACH), requires companies to register and risk assess all substances produced or imported in volumes of >1 tonne per year. Extrapolation methods which use existing data for estimating the effects of chemicals are attractive to industry, and comparative data are therefore increasingly in demand. Data on natural toxic c...