Cross-border integration is a complex process, but it could bring benefits to the nations involved in motivating trade and tourism. Air transport has been playing an important role accelerating of economies countries Association Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN). The introduction visa-free exemption agreement 2006 ratification semi-ASEAN open skies 2016 have stimulated intra-ASEAN travel trade. H...

i n the past decades, the effect of different tax amendments on various economic issues has been studied. the majority of these studies have avoided considering shadow economy as part of the calculation and analysis, and an issue, which has received little attention, is the relationship between green tax reforms and shadow economy, as for informal labor, which is well-connected to unemployment ...

abstract research and development (r&d;) spending plays a major role in innovation, raising productivity and increasing economic growth. the purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of r&d; spending on growth and total factor productivity (tfp) in iran's agricultural sector. we estimate growth and productivity models using auto-regressive distributed lag (ardl) approach and data over ...

Digital technologies have radically changed the tourism industry and gaining a lot of attention from stakeholders. At present, there is voluminous but fragmented research to cover various aspects digital tourism, consolidated “big picture” extant missing. By performing bibliometric analysis 827 papers on an attempt has been made fill this void. The investigation revealed that management smart d...

This paper investigates residents’ preferences of investment in cruise tourism, taking its externalities into full account. The research involved data collection in the port of call of Messina (Sicily, Italy), during the peak cruise season in 2011. A mixed generalized ordered logit analysis, based upon a correspondence analysis, is run to examine what factors influence residents’ perceptions ab...

This study focuses on the tourism websites that are doing destination marketing for some remote areas. This study proposes that when interactivity is put into the website to create users‘ virtue experience with the remote areas, different user may response differently. Two kinds of user‘s personal factors are investigated in this study: Susceptibility to Interpersonal Influence and Personal Inv...

The matter of the classification of tourism accommodations is particularly difficult for at least two reasons:-First of all, due to the large diversity of types of tourism accommodations, a diversity that is constantly increasing;-Also, due to the large diversity of classification systems that are themselves embedded in highly different cultural and economic contexts. I will therefore try to su...