[1] In this paper, we compare reflectance and polarization measurements from two different satellite instruments, namely, the imager Polarization and Directionality of the Earth’s Reflectances (POLDER) and the spectrometer Scanning Imaging Absorption Spectrometer for Atmospheric Chartography (SCIAMACHY). Both instruments are able to measure not only the Earth reflectance but also the state of l...

This Letter presents field-based evidence of the perturbing effects of surface anisotropy on the remote sensing of burned savannah. The analysis is based on bidirectional spectral reflectance data collected at different solar illumination angles and convolved to Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) reflective bands. Results from a grass savannah site show that burning reduces t...

Address correspondence to R. D. Jackson, U.S. Water Conservation Lab., 4431 E. Broadway Rd., Phoenix, AZ 85040. Received 16 March 1990; revised 26 June 1990. and gypsum sand. Results are presented in terms of relative bidirectional reflectance factors (BRFs) as a function of view angle at a number of solar zenith angles, nadir BRFs as a function of solar zenith angles, and, for wheat, vegetatio...

The relationship between the physical structure of carbon nanotube (CNT) honeycomb structures and their total, diffuse, and specular reflectance is investigated for the first time. It is found that CNT honeycomb structures with average cell areas of smaller than 30 μm² show a higher total reflectance. Particularly, a thinner, highly packed CNT (buckypaper) film, along with a larger wall height ...

It is a known rule that the efficiency of thermodynamic solar plants increases with the working temperature. At present the main limit in temperature upscaling is the absorber capability to withstand high temperatures. The ideal solar absorber works at high temperatures and has both a low thermal emissivity and a high absorptivity in the solar spectral range. The present work reports on the pre...

An efficient antireflection coating is critical for the improvement of silicon solar cell performance via increased light coupling. Here, we have grown well-aligned ZnO nanowhisker (NW) arrays on Czochralski silicon solar cells by a seeding-growth two-step process. It is found that the ZnO NWs have a great effect on the macroscopic antireflection effect and, therefore, improves the solar cell p...

In this paper, a zinc oxide (ZnO) nanotube, fabricated by the hydrothermal growth method on triple-junction (T-J) solar cell devices to enhance efficiency, is investigated. Compared to those of bare T-J solar cells (without antireflection (AR) coating) and solar cells with Si3N4 AR coatings, the experimental results show that the T-J solar cells, which use a ZnO nanotube as an AR coating, have ...

Method for surface reflectance estimation with MODIS by means of bi-section algorithm between MODIS and estimated radiance is proposed together with atmospheric correction with sky-radiometer data. Surface reflectance is one of MODIS products and is need to be improved its estimation accuracy. In particular the location near the skyradiometer or aeronet sites of which solar direct, aureole and ...

MODIS has 20 reflective solar bands (RSB), covering the VIS, NIR, and SWIR spectral regions. They are calibrated onorbit using a solar diffuser (SD) panel, made of space-grade Spectralon. The SD bi-directional reflectance factor (BRF) was characterized pre-launch by the instrument vendor with reference to the NIST reflectance standard. Its on-orbit degradation is tracked by an on-board solar di...

Nowadays, the multi-crystalline silicon (mc-Si) solar cells dominate the photovoltaic industry. However, the current acid etching method on mc-Si surface used by firms can hardly suppress the average reflectance value below 25% in the visible light spectrum. Meanwhile, the nitric acid and the hydrofluoric contained in the etching solution is both environmental unfriendly and highly toxic to hum...