Purpose: Blast-induced traumatic brain injury (bTBI) is one of the causes of death or permanent   invalidity which can occur unexpectedly in both military and civilian populations. This study   set out to conduct a combined Eulerian-Lagrangian computational analysis of the interaction   between a single planar blast wave and a human head in order to assess the extent of intracranial   shock w...

In previous communications we have reported the experimental production of encephalomyelitis in guinea pigs with some brain lipid extracts and brain residue (after lipid extraction with cold acetone, ether and alcohol), composed mostly of proteins (1). In the present report we shall record our observations on the production of experimental encephalomyelitis in guinea pigs with a protein calcium...

introduction: in iran, thousands of young individuals become victims of head injury annually. head injury can damage neuronal cells which may in turn complicate the recovery of the patients. also, the increase of iron in cerebrospinal fluid (csf) following head injury may contribute to the hypoxic-ischemia brain damage by catalyzing the formation of free radicals (harber-weiss rection). the obj...

gamma-aminobutyric acid is the main inhibitory amino acid neurotransmitter in several areas of the brain. measurement of gamma-aminobutyric acid in the brain will help elucidate its metabolic rote and diagnostic value. the liquid chromatography (lc) system consisted of a delivery pump. male rats (150-250g) were used in this study. the brain was rapidly removed from decapitated animals. trie chr...

objective(s):melatonin is known as an anti-inflammatory agent, and it has been proven to exert neuroprotection through inhibition of cell death (apoptosis) in several models of brain injury.secondary injury following the primary traumatic brain injury (tbi) results in glial cells activation, especially astrocytes. in fact, astrocyte activation causes the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines...

introduction: multiple sclerosis (ms) is a demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (cns), affecting mostly young people at a mean age of 30 years. magnetic resonance imaging (mri) is one of the most specific and sensitive methods in diagnosing and detecting the evolution of multiple sclerosis disease. but it does not have the ability to differentiate between distinct histopathologic...

We investigated the relations of brain edema, ion shifts, motor performance, and memory impairment using a focal ischemia model in rats. Cortical infarction was produced by ligation of the middle cerebral artery and the ipsilateral common carotid artery combined with temporary occlusion of the contralateral common carotid artery for 1 hour. Water content and sodium, potassium, and calcium conce...