Objective: Research shows that parallel toponyms exist in different types of toponymy, including oikonymy, oronymy, and hydronymy. Comparative analysis reveals the people's ethnic origin, household, economic activity, other areas are reflected here. Agriculture, cattle breeding, primarily sheep horse crafts, fields had a special place life Turkic peoples. The mentioned also some importance topo...

The paper deals with the toponymic material recorded in 2008–2019 from Russian population of mining settlements Nyvchim, Kazhym, and Nychpas. All these small towns emerged due to iron development Komi Republic mid-18th century workforce migration central northern parts Russia related thereto. Analyzing data local systems, authors discover motivations behind microtoponymy peculiarities present-d...

Mountain landscapes reflect the interaction between human groups and their environment. This relation relies on social practices aimed at appropriation management of mountain resources, like agriculture, forestry, husbandry. paper proposes a reconsideration in Atlantic sector Basque Country as highly anthropized spaces, defined by constant intersection actors practices. The combined study docum...