A mathematical simulation of the Denar D4A articulator and a simulated complement of graphically represented teeth were programmed in a Prime 4000 minicomputer. The computer program could be manipulated to quantitatively evaluate the theoretical effects of changes in articulator and control factors on the anatomy of selected teeth or tooth groups. The effects of these changes could be assessed ...

1Division of Anatomy and Cell Biology of the Hard Tissue, Department of Tissue Regeneration and Reconstruction, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 2-5274 Gakkochodori, Chuoku, Niigata, Japan 2Division of Oral Histology and Developmental Biology, Department of Oral Structure and Function Biology, Iwate Medical University, 1-3-27 Chuo-dori, Morioka, Japan Hiroko Id...

The presence of a missed canal in the course of root canal treatment is one of the common reasons for failure of therapy. The consequence of a missed canal will or may lead to chronic infection and post operative flare ups. Hence, it is very important to explore the morphology of the tooth as well its internal anatomy to overcome failure in endodontic practice. Root canal therapy of maxillary t...

A major anatomical variant of the two-rooted mandibular first molar is a tooth with an additional distolingual third root: The radix entomolaris (RE). It is essential to anticipate and find all roots and canals during root canal treatment. Proper angulations and interpretation of radiographs help to identify pulp chamber and root anatomy. If present, an awareness and understanding of this unusu...

The molecular mechanisms of PITX2 in tooth development and enamel defects in Axenfeld-Rieger Syndrome." PhD has been approved by the Examining Committee for the thesis requirement for the Doctor of Philosophy degree in Anatomy and Cell Biology at the December 2013 graduation. ii To my parents, Tianhua and Zhibin, for their endless love, support and encouragement. I would not have contemplated t...

the developmental abnormality of tooth resulting from the infolding of enamel/dentin into the root is called dens invaginatus. management of such cases is usually challenging due to the morphological complexity of root canal system. this report presents a rare treatment protocol of a clinical case of oehler’s type iii dens invaginatus combined with an endodontic lesion in a vital maxillary late...

Orthodontics as well dentistry are undergoing a technological revolution with advances in medical imaging, 3D printing and customization of appliances devices. Digital orthodontics can be defined the process manufacturing customized based on target setup which incorporates tooth positioning six-degrees-of-freedom. Three-dimensional imaging provides better diagnostic tools allows for fabrication...

The goal of the present article is to illustrate and analyze the applications and the potential of microcomputed tomography (micro-CT) in the analysis of tooth anatomy and root canal morphology. The authors performed a micro-CT analysis of the following different teeth: maxillary first molars with a second canal in the mesiobuccal (MB) root, mandibular first molars with complex anatomy in the m...

BACKGROUND The extraction of the teeth by traditional healers in Cameroon is an established cultural practice in the central region of the Cameroon. Traditional healers (TH) use herbs and crude un-sterilized instruments and tools for the tooth extraction procedure. The present study investigates the knowledge and practices of traditional healers regarding tooth extraction and the management of ...

Objective: To familiarize the practitioner and specialist with the usual false features noticed in routine radiographs taken prior to surgery so that complicated treatment could be avoided. Materials and Methods: All the cases reported for lower third molar surgery underwent routine radiographic evaluation such as Intra-oral X-ray and OPG (Orthopantomograph) to assess the severity and the surgi...