The effect of tobacco smoke on in vitro chemotaxis of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) was determined. Whole tobacco smoke, gas phase of smoke, and water-soluble fraction were potent inhibitors of PMN chemotaxis. The results indicated that PMN chemotaxis was inhibited in a dose-dependent manner by water-soluble fraction and that this suppression was not a result of cytotoxicity. In an a...

Exposure to tobacco smoke impairs endothelium-dependent arterial dilation. Reactive constituents of cigarette smoke are metabolized and detoxified by glutathione-S-transferases (GSTs). Although polymorphisms in GST genes are associated with the risk of cancer in smokers, the role of these enzymes in regulating the cardiovascular effects of smoking has not been studied. The P isoform of GST (GST...

OBJECTIVES We sought to quantitatively evaluate the association between work-place environmental tobacco smoke exposure and lung cancer. METHODS We performed a meta-analysis in 2003 of data from 22 studies from multiple locations worldwide of workplace environmental tobacco smoke exposure and lung cancer risk. Estimates of relative risk from these studies were analyzed by fitting the data to ...

background: numerous studies have assessed risk factors for multiple sclerosis (ms), but regarded to paradoxical results & specific ethnical- cultural circumstances in ahvaz, as a city in iran, this case-control study was aimed to assess some factors related to lifestyle (consumption & exposure with cigarette smoking, duration & surface of sun light exposure, exposure to pets and farm animals) ...

BACKGROUND One of the requirements of the Osun State smoke-free legislation is to ensure smoke-free enclosed and partially enclosed workplaces. This survey was conducted to assess the knowledge and attitude of workers in indoor bars, beer parlors and discotheques to smoke-free legislation in general and the Osun State smoke-free law in particular. METHODS A convenience sampling of 36 hospital...

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the third leading cause of death. The statin drugs may have therapeutic potential in respiratory diseases such as COPD, but whether they prevent bronchial epithelial injury is unknown. We hypothesised that simvastatin attenuates acute tobacco smoke-induced neutrophilic lung inflammation and airway epithelial injury. Spontaneously hypertensive rats...

INTRODUCTION Coalitions of supporters of comprehensive tobacco control policy have been crucial in achieving policy success nationally and internationally, but the dynamics of such alliances are not well understood. METHODS Qualitative semi-structured, narrative interviews with 35 stakeholders involved in developing the European Council Recommendation on smoke-free environments. These were th...

OBJECTIVE To describe and analyze clinical symptoms and spirometric alterations of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and history of exposure to wood and tobacco smoke. METHODS We retrospectively evaluated data related to 170 patients distributed into 3 groups: 34 exposed only to wood smoke, 59 patients exposed only to tobacco smoke and 77 patients exposed to both. R...

Secondhand smoke and thirdhand smoke (e.g., smoke residues found on walls and floors) are known to pose health hazards. Some landlords and cities have therefore established smoke-free policies for multiunit housing. The military is in effect the largest landlord in the United States, with approximately 630,000 units of housing. We reviewed the service-level tobacco control policies of the Army,...

BACKGROUND Environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure is a well-known health hazard for children. Poor urban children may be at increased risk of exposure from nonparental sources of tobacco smoke. The unique problems of ETS exposure in urban children have previously not been well-defined. OBJECTIVES This study was conducted: 1) to identify the sources of ETS exposure for children attending a...