Pyruvate orthophosphate dikinase (PPDK) was found in various immature seeds of C(3) plants (wheat, pea, green bean, plum, and castor bean), in some C(3) leaves (tobacco, spinach, sunflower, and wheat), and in C(4) (maize) kernels. The enzyme in the C(3) plants cross-reacts with rabbit antiserum against maize PPDK. Based on protein blot analysis, the apparent subunit size of PPDK from wheat seed...

alpha-Amylases are important enzymes for starch degradation in plants. However, it has been a long-running debate as to whether alpha-amylases are localized in plastids where starch is stored. To study the subcellular localization of alpha-amylases in plant cells, a rice (Oryza sativa) alpha-amylase, alphaAmy3, with or without its own signal peptide (SP) was expressed in transgenic tobacco (Nic...

Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) is a plant grown for leaves. Leaves are dried and fermented to use in tobacco products. Oriental widely consumed the world due its good aroma qualities. For this, different chemical quality properties of lines, which have undergone small changes over time, been examined. The samples (27 lines 1 variety (Xanthi 2A)) obtained from three locations (Bagpinar, Evciler ...

Current treatment for type I diabetes includes delivery of insulin via injection or pump, which is highly invasive and expensive. The production of chloroplast-derived proinsulin should reduce cost and facilitate oral delivery. Therefore, tobacco and lettuce chloroplasts were transformed with the cholera toxin B subunit fused with human proinsulin (A, B, C peptides) containing three furin cleav...

The complete coding sequence for the trichodiene synthase gene from Fusarium sporotrichioides was introduced into tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) under the regulation of the cauliflower mosiac virus 35S promoter. Expression of trichodiene synthase was demonstrated in the leaves of transformed plants. Leaf homogenates incubated with [(3)H]farnesyl pyrophosphate produced trichodiene as a major produc...

Leaves of tobacco plant cv. Xanthi-nc inoculated or systemically infected with potato virus Y, cucumber mosaic virus, potato virus X, potato aucuba mosaic virus or alfalfa mosaic virus showed varying degrees of resistance to infection with tobacco mosaic virus. The resistance was correlated with the appearance of at least three proteins not present in healthy plants. These were the proteins tha...

It was proved that the protoplasts prepared from mesophyll of Nicotiana tabacum are infected by tobacco mosaic virus. The infection occurred when purified tobacco mosaic virus particles were added to a protoplast suspension in the presence of poly-L-ornithine. The virus multiplied in these protoplasts to a level of 10(6) virus particles per infected protoplast during 24 hours of incubation. The...

Biosynthesis of many plant alkaloids is enhanced by endogenous accumulation and exogenous application of jasmonates, but the general and specific signaling components are not well understood. In Arabidopsis, jasmonate-induced ZIM-domain-containing (JAZ) proteins have recently been found to be critical transcriptional repressors linking CORONATINE INSENSTIVE1 (COI1)-mediated jasmonate perception...

The course of respiration in control leaves of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) that were illuminated 4 to 5 hours and then darkened 0.25 to 10 hours and in tobacco leaves starved of carbohydrate by 14 hours or more of darkness was measured as CO(2) efflux in light and darkness into CO(2)-free atmospheres containing 0.04, 2.23, 21, 40, and 100% O(2).Control and starved leaves showed a postillumin...