In order to solve the problem of sensor node localization of wireless sensor and actor networks, a range-based time of arrival(TOA) localization algorithm with virtual force and time synchronization(TLAVFTS) in WSAN is proposed in this paper, which uses mobile actors instead of WSN’s anchors, and combines TOA with virtual force on the premise of time synchronization. The algorithm completes nod...

In this study, a hybrid TOA/RSSI wireless localization is proposed for accurate positioning in indoor UWB systems. The major problem in indoor localization is the effect of Non-Line of Sight (NLOS) propagation. To mitigate the NLOS effects, an unconstrained nonlinear optimization approach is utilized to process Time-of-Arrival (TOA) and Received Signal Strength (RSS) in the location system.TOA ...

Recent localization systems do not effectively estimate the location of a target in the presence of dynamic obstacles. This paper presents nonline-of-sight (NLOS) localization technique and system for a quiet and known environment based on the measured time-of-arrival (ToA) of first arrival low-frequency acoustic signals. The true ToA is estimated using the modelled map, and then compared with ...

Observations of the millisecond pulsar B1937+214 made at Nançay over 6 years show 30% rms flux variations over 13± 4 days due to Refractive Interstellar Scintillations. The arrival times (TOA) also show variations over a similar time scale 16 ± 10 days with an rms amplitude of about 0.3μsecs. These “rapid” TOA variations are anti-correlated (∼ −40%) with the flux and so are also caused by propa...

A correlation-based double-directional stochastic channel model for indoor multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) ultra-wideband (UWB) propagation channels is proposed. The proposed model extends the IEEE 802.15.3a standard model to spatially correlated MIMO channels. Both angular and temporal statistics are taken into account in the modelling procedure. Spatial correlation is introduced into th...

In this paper, performance analysis of hybrid localization based on radio-frequency (RF) and inertial measurement unit (IMU) measurements for a single wireless capsule endoscopy (WCE) traveling the gastrointestinal tract is studied. Specifically, the multiple bodymounted sensors are considered which are located on the front and back of a patient’s medical jacket and form the uniform rectangular...

Suggestions on international cooperation in climate policy beyond 2012 include substi-tuting or complementing international environmental agreements (IEA) with technologyoriented agreements (TOA). We look at the impact of TOA on environmental cooperationin the framework of coalition stability. Using a numerical model, we analyze the differ-ences of several TOA and how they inter...

Although total carbon (TC) can be consistently quantified by various aerosol carbon measurement methods, the demarcation of TC into organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC) has long been inconsistent. The NIOSH and IMPROVE protocols are most widely used for thermal/optical analysis (TOA), but current knowledge rests in the description that the NIOSH protocol usually gives lower EC values t...

Ranging and positioning of wireless mobile devices using time-of-arrivals (TOA) method is becoming an increasingly interesting and challenging research topic. There are various TOA-based ranging algorithms and positioning systems, but most of them require either specially designed hardware or modifications to existing firmware. Using only off-the-self hardware, we present a novel software-based...

Much recent work has focused on unforced global mean surface air temperature (T) variability associated with the efficiency of heat transport into the deep ocean. Here the relationship between unforced variability in T and the Earth’s top-of-atmosphere (TOA) energy balance is explored in preindustrial control runs of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 multimodel ensemble. It is f...