Honing and Ladinig (2008) make the assertion that while the internal validity of web-based studies may be reduced, this is offset by an increase in external validity possible when experimenters can sample a wider range of participants and experimental settings. In this paper, the issue of internal validity is more closely examined, and it is agued that there is no necessary reason why internal ...

In this paper we take a novel approach to the regularization of underdetermined linear systems. Typically, a prior distribution is imposed on the unknown to hopefully force a sparse solution, which often relies on uniqueness of the regularized solution (something which is typically beyond our control) to work as desired. But here we take a direct approach, by imposing the requirement that the s...

We present a simple packet level model to show how marking at the DiffServ boundary node and scheduling and discarding inside a DiffServ node affect the division of bandwidth between two delay classes: elastic TCP flows and streaming non-TCP flows. We conclude that only per flow marking together with dependent discarding thresholds across both delay classes is able to divide bandwidth fairly, a...

Background and Objectives: Compassion has been identified as an essential element of nursing. The present study aimed to determine the psychometric properties of compassion to others scale and introduce a suitable measurement scale for the researchers in the field of psychological health. Methods: This study was conducted on a total of 213 nurses in order to investigate the psychometric proper...

A broadcast protocol allows a sender to distribute a value among a set of players such that it is guaranteed that all players receive the same value (consistency), and if the sender is honest, then all players receive the sender’s value (validity). Classical broadcast protocols for n players provide security with respect to a fixed threshold t < n/3, where both consistency and validity are guar...

introduction: knee joint osteoarthritis is one of the most prevalent musculoskeletal problems in adult population, which cause pain and functional limitations. involvement of medial compartment is almost 10 times more common than lateral compartment, which results in varus deformity among patients with medial compartment osteoarthritis of knee joint. main objectives in the treatment of knee joi...