We determined the prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance mechanisms among non-Typhi Salmonella spp. isolated from humans, food animals, and retail meat in the United States in 2007. Six isolates collected from humans harbored aac(6')Ib-cr or a qnr gene. Most prevalent was qnrS1. No animal or retail meat isolates harbored a plasmid-mediated mechanism.

Background: Tooth eruption begins after crown and root formation may be delayed by gestational diabetes mellitus. Metformin can control blood glucose levels through gluconeogenesis inhibition, consuming thymoquinone for diabetic treatment will regenerate pancreatic β cells reduce oxidative stress. Purpose: The objective of this study is to compare the tooth in rats that were born with are being...

Objective(s): Growing evidence demonstrates that L-arginine/NO/cGMP/KATP channel pathway has a modulatory role in pain perception. Previous studies have shown that thymoquinone exerts antinociceptive effects; however, the mechanisms underlying antinociception induced by thymoquinone have not been fully clarified. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the role of L-arginine/NO/cGMP/KATP c...

The pharmacokinetics of the quinolone enoxacin were studied after a 600-mg oral dose was given to each of six male volunteers. The levels of the compound were measured in serum, blister fluid, and urine. Absorption was variable, with peak levels (mean, 3.7 micrograms/ml) being attained between 0.75 and 3.0 h (mean, 1.9 h). The serum elimination half-life was 6.2 h, and 71.6% of the drug was rec...

Thymoquinone (TQ), the major compound of black seed oil, has been shown to induce pro-apoptotic signaling pathways in various human cancer models. Although TQ is commonly used in traditional medicine, its use in humans is limited due to its chemical properties and poor membrane penetration capacity. We therefore attached saturated and unsaturated fatty acid residues to TQ and evaluated the effe...

INTRODUCTION In previous studies, the relaxant and antihistaminic effects of thymoquinone, the main constituents of Nigella sativa, have been demonstrated on guinea pig tracheal chains. In the present study, the prophylactic effect of (IP) single dose of thymoquinone on tracheal responsiveness and lung inflammation of guinea pig model of asthma was examined. METHODS Thirty guinea pigs were ra...

It is estimated by the World Health Organization (WHO) that most of the world's population depends on herbal medicine for their health care. Nigella sativa (N. sativa), also known as black-caraway and as "Kalonji," is a well-known seed all over the world. It is one of the most common medicinal plants worldwide and contains many useful chemical constituents that we can find in its fixed oil, suc...

BACKGROUND An incisional hernia is a common complication following abdominal surgery. Polypropylene mesh is frequently used in the repair of such defects and has nearly become the standard surgical treatment modality. Though they are very effective in reducing recurrence, mesh materials exhibit a strong stimulating effect for intraabdominal adhesion. The thymoquinone (TQ) extracted from Nigella...

In the previous studies the relaxant, anti-cholinergic (functional antagonism) and anti-histaminic effects of Nigella sativa have been demonstrated on guinea pig tracheal chains. To elucidate the main substance responsible for the relaxant effect of this plant, the effect of thymoquinone, one of the main constituent of Nigella sativa was examined in this study. The bronchodilatory effects of th...

Nigella sativa (NS) seeds have been used for medicinal purposes for centuries both as herbs and its oil. In Islam it is regarded as one of the greatest forms of healing medicine included in the medicine of prophet Mohammed. Huge number of studies have been carried out in recent years on the pharmacological effects of these seeds and also the possible relationship with their constituents. A numb...