The study examined the validity of the Turkish versions of three forgiveness-related questionnaires: the Conceptualizations of Forgiveness Questionnaire, the Forgivingness Questionnaire, and the Disposition to Seek Forgiveness Questionnaire. These questionnaires were translated from English to Turkish. The study also compared Turkish and French participants’ scores on these scales. The sample c...

This paper empirically analyzes the effect of the inclusion of German corporations in the Dow Jones STOXX Sustainability Index (DJSI STOXX) and the Dow Jones Sustainability World Index (DJSI World) on stock performance. In order to receive robust estimation results, we apply an (short-term) event study approach that is based on both a modern asset pricing model, namely the three-factor model ac...

The Fama-Macbeth (1973) rolling-β method is widely used for estimating risk premiums, but its inherent errors-in-variables bias remains an unresolved problem, particularly when using individual assets or macroeconomic factors. We propose a solution with a particular instrumental variable, β calculated from alternate observations. The resulting estimators are unbiased. In simulations, we compare...

The chances that a teacher will intervene in a case of bullying appear to be associated with several variables, which may be resumed as the confidence that he has in his capability to deal with problems at school. In accordance with Social Cognitive Theory and Attribution Theory, the three-factor model of self-confidence was used to investigate the differences between preservice teachers (PSTs)...

Indecisiveness is the inability to make decisions in a timely manner across situations and domains. The present research explores the construct of indecisiveness across sex and culture, given the past suggestion of group differences in mean scores (Ji, Oka, & Yates, 2000; Rassin & Muris, 2005a). Frost and Shows’ (1993) Indecisiveness Scale was administered to undergraduates in the United States...

This study provides new estimates of systematic risk and the cost of equity capital for the pharmaceutical, biotechnology, and medical device sectors using data for firms with publicly-traded stock on U.S. exchanges during 2001-2005 and 2006-2008. Two frameworks are employed for estimating firms’ risk and the cost of equity capital: (1) the capital asset pricing model, and (2) the Fama-French t...

This paper provides an alternate method of evaluating portfolio performance of stock pricing models. We apply Pitman Closeness Criterion to compare the accuracy of three popular pricing models. This comparison is used to assess which, if any, model outperforms the others. In assessing model performance over a long period of time, we find that the Fama-French three-factor model and the Carhart f...

The purpose of this paper is to show that the problem of trust relates to all three levels of financial engagement by a retail investor. (1) Engagement with the adviser who advises on financial products. (2) Engagement with the financial institutions that produce the financial products. (3) Engagement with the stock markets in which the financial products are invested. It is proposed that these...