abstract- the purpose of this study was to elucidate the effects of chemical thinning on seasonal variations of leaf and fruit mineral compositions of ‘soltani’ apple trees. treatments, including unthinned control, naphthalene acetic acid (naa) at 5 and 10 mg l-1, naphthaeneacetamide (nad) at 25 and 50 mg l-1, benzyladenine (ba) at 50 and 100 mg l-1 and carbaryl at 500 and 1000 mg l-1 were appl...

Reducing levels of fruit set is often desirable in many European pear (Pyrus communis L.) cultivars. With a negative linear relationship between crop load and size, management early the season minimises wastage tree carbohydrate resources provides maximum benefits terms size quality. There are several tools available for managing including hand thinning, chemical photosynthetic inhibition throu...

Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is a recurrent complication of sepsis. Since DIC not only promotes organ dysfunction but also represents strong prognostic factor, it important to diagnose as early possible. When activated, fibrinolysis inhibited, blood thinners are consumed, and condition created that clotting, making more difficult for the body remove fibrin or prevent from being ...

Hippocrates first proposed ‘Blood thinners’ in ancient Greek medicine. Historically, extracts from many plants, bloodletting, leech bleeding, acid fruits and clear wines were considered as anticoagulants. Although, Haycraft in 1884 identified the anticoagulant in the saliva of European medicinal leech, later named hirudin, the extract was found to be too toxic. Following Jay McLean’s discovery ...

A retrospective analysis of the poisoning calls received by the National Poisons Information Centre (NPIC) showed a total of 2,720 calls during a period of three years (April 1999-March 2002). Poisoning in children was reported in 995 calls (36.6%). The age ranged from less than 1 yr to 18 yr and the age groups involved were divided into four categories (0-6 yr, >6-12 yr, >12-16 yr, >16-18 yr)....

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are liquids or solids that contain organic carbon (carbon bonded to carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, or sulfur, but not carbonate carbon as in CaCO3 nor carbide carbon as in CaC2 or CO2), which vaporize at significant rates. VOCs are probably the second-most widespread and diverse class of emissions after particulates. VOCs are a large family of compounds. Some (e.g...

Dear Editors: Although there were numerous case reports showing the possible role of benzene in the development of leu-kemia, the first epidemiologic study on this problem appeared in 1974 (1). From 1967 to September 1973,26 patients with leukemia were investigated among 28,500 shoe, slipper, and handbag workers chronically exposed to benzene in Istanbul, Turkey. Seventeen of them were studied ...

Background The olfactory bulb is anatomically exposed and thus can be directly damaged by external stimulation. This can occur as an occupational injury owing to contact with organic solvents or other causes. We present cases of eight patients who sustained occupation-related exposure to potentially toxic substances and later presented with signs and symptoms of anosmia. We examined the occupat...

Platelet aggregation has the potential to form thrombi and result in cardiovascular system diseases such as myocardial infarction ischemic stroke - one of leading causes death globally. Traditionally, people use binahong leaves blood thinners. Therefore, this study aims obtain scientific data on efficacy leaf antithrombotic. The test was carried out male Swiss-Webster mice. results showed that ...