In this study we present new data for the thermal conductivity enhancement in four nanofluids containing 11, 25, 50, and 63 nm diameter Aluminum oxide (Al2O3) nanoparticles in distilled water. The nanofluids were prepared using single step method (that is, by dispersing nanoparticle directly in base fluid) which was gathered in ultrasonic device for approximately 7 h. The transient hot-wire las...

BACKGROUND Inhalation of thermal water with antioxidant properties is empirically used for COPD. AIMS To evaluate the effects of sulphurous thermal water (reducing agents) on airway oxidant stress and clinical outcomes in COPD. METHODS Forty moderate-to-severe COPD patients were randomly assigned to receive 12-day inhalation with sulphurous thermal water or isotonic saline. Patients were as...

In present study, the thermal conductivity of silver/water nanofluid was investigated experimentally. Four different volume concentrations of nanofluids (2, 3, 5 and 10%) were prepared by dispersing silver nanoparticles in water. The properties of nanofluids were measured by varying the temperature from 20ºC to 100ºC and also, different sizes of nanoparticles dispersed in water (20-30, 50-60 an...

In Egypt, nineteen water springs with temperatures exceeding 35 degrees C, which can be considered thermal waters, were reported. The radiological aspects of thermal water in three northern regions of Egypt (Gulf of Suez, Cairo, and Bahariya Oasis) were investigated. The activity concentrations of natural radionuclides of 226Ra, 40K, total uranium and 210Pb (210Po) in water samples were determi...

An experimental study was carried out in an animal (New Zealand white rabbit) wound model to evaluate any effects of a hypotonic, bicarbonate-calcium-magnesium mineral water (Comano thermal water) on skin regeneration, comparing the healing rate of split-thickness skin graft donor sites treated with the thermal water wet dressing versus a standard...

In the presence of a vertical thermal gradient, juvenile three-spined sticklebacks Gasterosteus aculeatus and minnows Phoxinus phoxinus positioned themselves higher in the water column compared with adult conspecifics. This result was consistent regardless of whether age cohorts were tested separately or together. Furthermore, juveniles but not adult fishes positioned themselves higher in water...

Many ectotherms effectively reduce their exposure to low or high environmental temperatures using behavioral thermoregulation. In terrestrial ectotherms, thermoregulatory strategies range from accurate thermoregulation to thermoconformity according to the costs and limits of thermoregulation, while in aquatic taxa the quantification of behavioral thermoregulation have received limited attention...

Thermal water quality trading markets give point source thermal polluters the option to comply with effluent restrictions by paying nearby landowners to plant shade trees. The shade trees cool the water, offsetting thermal pollution emitted by the point source. Thermal trading has the potential to create greater environmental benefits at a lower cost than traditional regulation, however; only o...

The authors use molecular dynamics simulation to investigate the thermal transport characteristics of water with various degree of orientational and translational orders induced by the application of an electric field. The authors observe that the orientational ordering of the water dipole moments has a minor effect on the thermal conductivity. However, electric-field-induced crystallization an...