Jellyfish have a worldwide distribution. Their stings can cause different reactions, ranging from cutaneous, localized, and self-limited to serious systemic or fatal ones, depending on the envenoming species. Several first aid treatments are used to manage such stings but few have evidence behind their use. This review of the literature describes and discusses the different related first aid an...

OBJECTIVE To describe the work of a moorland rescue team and, in particular, the medical aspects of this work. METHODS A retrospective study of 25 years of callouts of the Dartmoor Rescue Group (DRG)-the mountain rescue team (MRT) for Dartmoor. These were analysed by cause, year, month, day of the week, and time of day. Injuries and other medical problems in casualties are described. RESULT...

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to determine effectiveness of first aid dressings in extinguishing burning white phosphorous (WP), eliminating WP pieces from the surface, inhibiting re-ignition on the model (fresh bacon covered with military uniform), and preventing from late re-ignition caused by persistent WP pieces. MATERIAL AND METHODS Burning WP was extinguished with several dressin...

BACKGROUND Bystander first aid and basic life support can likely improve victim survival in trauma. In contrast to bystander first aid and out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, little is known about the role of bystanders in trauma response. Our aim was to determine how frequently first aid is given to trauma victims by bystanders, the quality of this aid, the professional background of first-aid pro...

STUDY OBJECTIVE s: To describe the farm work patterns and the relationship between hours spent working on specific farm tasks and task specific work related injuries among women and men. DESIGN A cross sectional survey of farm operators and their spouses in an eight county area of Colorado was conducted. Personal interviews were conducted between 1993 and 1997. Interviews took between 45 minu...

BACKGROUND This study aimed to develop guidelines for how a member of the Filipino public should provide mental health first aid to a person who is suicidal. METHODS The guidelines were produced by developing a questionnaire containing possible first aid actions and asking an expert panel of 34 Filipino mental health clinicians to rate whether each action should be included in the guidelines....

OBJECTIVE To review studies evaluating mental health first aid (MHFA) training. METHOD Review of three published trials: one uncontrolled with members of the public in a city, one randomized controlled efficacy trial in a workplace setting and one cluster randomized effectiveness trial with the public in a rural area. RESULTS Most mental health first aiders tend to be middle-aged women whos...

OBJECTIVE To describe the educational needs of nurses working in general medical practice in Australia. DESIGN Survey research combining qualitative and quantitative data collected via telephone interview. SUBJECTS 222 enrolled (RN Division 2 in Victoria) and registered nurses (RN Division 1 in Victoria) working in general practice in rural and urban areas of Australia. RESULTS Nurses ide...

OBJECTIVES This study was designed to assess the knowledge acquired by very young children (<6 years) trained by their own teachers at nursery school. This comparative study assessed the effect of training before the age of 6 years compared with a group of age-matched untrained children. SETTING Some schoolteachers were trained by emergency medical teams to perform basic first aid. PARTICIP...

OBJECTIVE To determine the acceptability of an emergency medical dispatch (EMD) system to people who call 999 to request an ambulance. METHODS Postal questionnaires to two systematic random samples of approximately 500 named callers to one ambulance service before, and one year after, the introduction of EMD. RESULTS The response rate was 72% (355 of 493) before, and 63% (297 of 466) after,...