Abstract Readers of Romans debate how to understand Paul’s language related sin and death. Are death ontological powers that operate in the human realm? Does Paul use figurative describe abstract concepts? Rarely do scholars consider material evidence popular ideas as sources for addressing such questions. This essay considers archaeological findings from Pompeii an additional voice conversatio...

Abstract Melinno’s so-called Hymn to Rome was composed sometime between the third century BCE and CE . Nearly all scholars judge poem be a relatively straightforward panegyric of Rome’s power. The final stanza compares Romans Sown Men. This article argues that appearance Theban or Colchian Spartoi could have evoked more complex response from many probable readers in antiquity, especially those ...

Transylvania at the turn of the Millennium is an island of waterwheels and horsecarts facing erosion by the incoming tide of a modernizing European Union. During this pivotal time, in a remote valley of northern Romania called Maramures, peasants have kept their traditions alive and defied assimilation since the Romans. Now, a final generation is going about their daily farming chores and raisi...

The fact that certain non-linear W2,s algebras can be linearized by the inclusion of a spin-1 current can provides a simple way to realize W2,s algebras from linear W1,2,s algebras. In this paper, we first construct the explicit field realizations of linear W1,2,s algebras with double scalar fields and spinor fields respectively. Then, after a basis inverting, the realizations of W2,s algebras ...