This report provides estimates of the external radiation exposure and whole-body effective dose received by residents of the continental U.S. during the period 1951-1962 from weapons tests carried out at the Nevada Test Site (NTS). Estimates are given on a countyby-county basis for each test and for each year of testing. The average committed population dose from all NTS tests was about 0.5 mSv...

Activity concentrations, inventories and activity ratios of (137)Cs, (238)Pu, (239 + 240)Pu and (241)Am in soil profiles were surveyed in the dry tundra and the adjoining proglacial zones of glaciers at a High Arctic site on Svalbard. Vertical profiles of radionuclide activities were determined in up to 14-cm-thick soil sequences. Additionally, soil properties (pH, organic matter, texture, mine...

A simple analytical method was developed to estimate external doses from exposure to contaminated riverine shorelines. The method consists of deriving an adjustment factor that accounts for the geometry of the riverine shoreline; the adjustment factor is applied to the dose-rate coefficients already available for infinite contaminated surfaces. Such a geometry factor circumvents very complex ra...

a reconnaissance study has been made on the distribution of 238u, 232th, 40k, 137cs andgeochemical features in soil and sediment samples at various locations on the coast of bushehr in the persiangulf. in this study a gamma-ray spectrometer based on a high purity germanium detector and a pc basedmca and x-ray fluorescence (xrf) method were used. estimation of the measured radionuclide contentha...

A large-scale heavy rainfall disaster occurred in Joso City, Japan, in September 2015, and one third of the city area (40 km2) was flooded by the Kinu River. Artificial radionuclides such as 134Cs and 137Cs were known to have accumulated in the river bottom sediment after their release in the 2011 Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant accident. It was thought that these radionuclides might hav...

Understanding the factors that contribute to the risk from fish consumption is an important public health concern because of potential adverse effects of radionuclides, organochlorines, other pesticides, and mercury. Risk from consumption is normally computed on the basis of contaminant levels in fish, meal frequency, and meal size, yet cooking practices may also affect risk. This study examine...

Cryoturbation in permafrost-affected soils is important to many Arctic biogeochemical processes and critical to the appropriate classification of Gelisols. Standardized methodologies for describing the soils formed from these processes and knowledge regarding the time scales at which they operate continue to evolve. Twenty-six profiles were described across a transect in the Midas Lake region o...

The first nuclear explosion test, named the Trinity test, was conducted on July 16, 1945 near Alamogordo, New Mexico. In the tremendous heat of the explosion, the radioactive debris fused with the local soil into a glassy material named Trinitite. Selected Trinitite samples from ground zero (GZ) of the test site were investigated in detail for radioactivity. The techniques used included alpha s...

Investigation of shocked materials provides unique information about behavior substances in extreme thermodynamic conditions. Near surface nuclear tests have induced multiple transformations affected soils. Examination glasses and relics entrapped minerals a database on their under an intense temperature flash. In this work, several types fallout particles from historic at the Semipalatinsk tes...