A water distribution network is one of the important parts of infrastructure systems. The efficient management and proactive planning of capital investment of these assets are fundamental for efficient and effective service delivered by water companies. The direct economic costs (i.e. rehabilitation investment, repair costs, water loss, etc.) as well as indirect costs (i.e. service and traffic ...

This paper concerns the extent to which the precedence effect is observed when leading and lagging sounds occupy different spectral regions. Subjects, listening under headphones, were asked to match the intracranial lateral position of an acoustic pointer to that of a test stimulus composed of two binaural noise bursts with asynchronous onsets, parametrically varied frequency content, and diffe...

Pressure vessels are used for various industrial applications. To ensure safe operation of pressure vessels, it is important to know its burst pressure. Burst pressure is the pressure at which vessel burst/crack and internal fluid leaks. For light weight application pressure vessel are made of composite material. Payload performance /speed /operating range depends up on weight. Use of composite...

In rat olfactory bulb slices, external tufted (ET) cells spontaneously generate spike bursts. Although ET cell bursting is intrinsically generated, its strength and precise timing may be regulated by synaptic input. We tested this hypothesis by analyzing whether the burst properties are modulated by activation of ionotropic gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glutamate receptors. Blocking GABA(A...

BACKGROUND While total knee arthroplasty reduces pain and provides a functional range of motion of the knee, quadriceps weakness and reduced functional capacity typically are still present one year after surgery. The purpose of the present investigation was to determine the role of failure of voluntary muscle activation and muscle atrophy in the early loss of quadriceps strength after surgery. ...

by increasing demands on paper products and shortage of fiber resources, various strategies were introduced to meet the requirements. in this context, application of mineral fibers is a novel and growing approach. this study was aimed to reduce the plant fibers by application of, mineral fiber in the papermaking system. application of 0, 10, 20, and 30% loadings of rock wool mineral fibers (rwm...

The seismic source release by fault slip under the influence of mining is an important factor to induce rock burst. In this study, normal and reverse with different horizontal stress are constructed numerical simulation law stope dynamic response characteristics when panel through faults compared analyzed. Studies show that fault, level higher, so shear strength greater. When coal pillar small ...

Patterns of action potentials (APs), often in the form of bursts, are critical for coding and processing information in the brain. However, how AP bursts modulate secretion at synapses remains elusive. Here, using the calyx of Held synapse as a model we compared synaptic release evoked by AP patterns with a different number of bursts while the total number of APs and frequency were fixed. The r...

This study proposes a production method capable of producing vascular grafts from fully synthetic, resorbable polymers that both meet basic minimum mechanical requirements for potential vascular grafts, and have a compliance similar to that of the intended vasculature being replaced. All of the electrospun vascular grafts in this work meet the minimum mechanical requirements for compliance, bur...

The motor output for walking is produced by a network of neurons termed the spinal central pattern generator (CPG) for locomotion. The basic building block of this CPG is a half-center oscillator composed of two mutually inhibitory sets of interneurons, each controlling one of the two dominant phases of locomotion: flexion and extension. To investigate symmetry between the two components of thi...