Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is a T cell-mediated autoimmune disease involving effector Th subsets such as Th1 and Th17. In this study, we demonstrate that mice lacking the NF-κB transcription factor family member c-Rel (rel(-/-)), which are known to be resistant to EAE, show impaired Th17 development. Mixed bone marrow chimeras and EAE adoptive transfer experiments show that...

The discovery of Th17 cell plasticity, in which CD4(+) IL-17-producing Th17 cells give rise to IL-17/IFN-γ double-producing cells and Th1-like IFNγ(+) ex-Th17 lymphocytes, has raised questions regarding which of these cell types contribute to immunopathology during inflammatory diseases. In this study, we show using Helicobacter hepaticus-induced intestinal inflammation that IL-17A(Cre)- or Rag...

Multiple sclerosis is a T cell-mediated demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. Interleukin-17-producing T helper cells, named Th17 cells, represent a novel CD4+ T cell effector subset involved in the response against extracellular pathogens. In addition, Th17 cells are pathogenic in several animal models of autoimmune disease, including the animal model for multiple sclerosis, but...

Both T cells and B cells are implicated in the pathology of multiple sclerosis (MS), but how these cells cooperate to drive disease remains unclear. Recent studies using experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) demonstrated that the TH17 pathway is correlated with increased numbers of ectopic B-cell follicles in the central nervous system (CNS). As follicular T helper (TFH) cells are reg...

T-helper cells that produce IL-17 are recognized as a significant subset within cell-mediated adaptive immunity. These cells are implicated in both the pathology of inflammatory disorders as well as the clearance of extracellular infections and the maintenance of the microbiota. However, the dynamic nature of this cell type has created controversy in understanding Th17 induction as well as Th17...

Pityriasis rubra pilaris (PRP) represents a group of rare inflammatory skin disorders. Diagnosis is often challenging, its treatment mainly empirical and suffers from the lack controlled trials. PRP shares overlapping clinical histological features with psoriasis, suggesting common underlying pathophysiology. Based on this resemblance, role IL23–TH17-axis in was proposed, several cases successf...

Abstract Th17-cells play a key role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), severe hepatopathy characterized by hypergammaglobulinemia, seropositivity for autoantibodies and interface on histology. Aberrant Th17-cell response AIH is linked to alterations aryl-hydrocarbon-receptor (AHR) signaling. These result inability respond AHR activation. Since can be regulated upon binding aryl-...

Protein kinase C θ (PKCθ) is involved in signaling downstream of the T cell antigen receptor (TCR) and is important for shaping effector T cell functions and inflammatory disease development. Acquisition of Th1-like effector features by Th17 cells has been linked to increased pathogenic potential. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying Th17/Th1 phenotypic instability remain largely unknow...

T helper 17 (TH17) cells are key players in multiple sclerosis (MS), and studies in animal models demonstrated that effector TH17 cells that trigger brain autoimmunity originate in the intestine. We validate in humans the crucial role of the intestinal environment in promoting TH17 cell expansion in MS patients. We found that increased frequency of TH17 cells correlates with high disease activi...