Transposable elements (TEs) are powerful facilitators of genome evolution, and hence of phenotypic diversity as they can cause genetic changes of great magnitude and variety. TEs are ubiquitous and extremely ancient, and although harmful to some individuals, they can be very beneficial to lineages. TEs can build, sculpt, and reformat genomes by both active and passive means. Lineages with activ...

emissivity mapping of the earth’s surface is the prerequisite to thermal remote sensing. a precise determinationof a surface's temperature is dependent upon the availability of precise emissivity data for that surface. the presentstudy area is a part of sugarcane plantation fields in the west part of khuzestan province. in this work, temperatureemissivity separation algorithm (tes) was applied ...

The 15-year development of the European interpretation of the Transition Edge Sensor (TES) microcalorimeter is described within this document. In essence, a TES microcalorimeter is a high-resolution cryogenic photon detector that converts temperature changes induced by incoming photons into changes in electrical resistance. Conceptually, the device consists of an absorber, a detector, heat sink...

BACKGROUND Gliomas are the most common human brain tumors. Glioblastoma, also known as glioblastoma multiform (GBM), is the most aggressive, malignant, and lethal glioma. The investigation of prognostic and diagnostic molecular biomarkers in glioma patients to provide direction on clinical practice is urgent. Recent studies demonstrated that abnormal DNA methylation states play a key role in th...

Transposable elements (TEs) are a dominant feature of most flowering plant genomes. Together with other accepted facilitators of evolution, accumulating data indicate that TEs can explain much about their rapid evolution and diversification. Genome size in angiosperms is highly correlated with TE content and the overwhelming bulk (>80%) of large genomes can be composed of TEs. Among retro-TEs, ...

Using expression cloning to screen a human fetal kidney cDNA library for regulator(s) of pro-matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 processing mediated by membrane-type (MT) 1 MMP, we isolated a cDNA whose product interfered with pro-MMP-2 activation. It encodes the NH(2)-terminal 313-amino acid region of a calcium-binding proteoglycan, testican 3, with a 3-amino acid substitution at the COOH terminu...

This chapter will (1) briefly review selected studies examining the nature of thought experiments in science; (2) review previous studies on the role that thought experiments can play in science instruction; (3) give case study examples of thought experiments (TEs) proposed by both teachers and students and the ensuing classroom discussions. We discuss several definitions for the term thought e...

Swedish nuclear plants are slowly being shut down as a result of a referendum in 1980. This was one starting point for the thermal energy storage (TES) expansion in Sweden. Now, the new EU directive on energy efficient buildings forces HVAC engineers and civil engineers to look for new methods to reduce electricity consumption and to improve energy performance in new and existing buildings. Thi...